Unit 2 Ethanol diseases and related

Disulfiram use

Used to prevent acetaldehyde turning into acetate, causing you to feel sick faster when drinking

Fomepizole use

Used to stop methanol from turning into formaldehyde (toxic), causing methanol to be excreted it as is

Methanol symptoms

Ocular toxicity, blindness, acidosis, brain damage, increased anion gap

Erythrocyte transketolase is measured to

Determine thiamine levels

Ethylene glycol (antifreeze) mechanism and symptoms

Creates glyoxylic acid and oxalic acid, both toxic to the body and leads to lactic acidosis, increased anion gap, renal failure, crystals in urine

Ethanol metabolism creates too much

NADH

Ethanol and tylenol (acetaminophen) create

A toxic substance (NAPQI) which uses up glutathione and thus can't reduce reactive oxygen species

To treat, give NAC (N acetyl cysteine)

Asian Flush cause

Deficiency of acetaldehyde DH which helps indicate when to stop drinking