Rutgers General Biology 116 Final practice questions

Place the following steps of the lysogenic cycle of bacteriophage replication in the CORRECT order.

I. Viral genome enters host cell

II. Host cell replicates genome with prophage

III. Virus attaches to host cell

IV. Integration into host chromosome

III > I > IV > II

A recent study has provided evidence that two types of horse herpes viruses have an unusually broad host range. This fact supports which of the following statements:

a. The lytic cycle occurs in horses while the lysogenic cycle occurs only in other species.

b. Horses, rhinoceroses, and polar bears can become infected.

c. The virus is transmitted from one host to another by mosquitos.

d. In an individual horse, many different types of cells will be infected.

e. In a population of horses, many of the individuals will become infected.

b. Horses, rhinoceroses, and polar bears can become infected.

Some viruses have an envelope which is a structure derived from the hosts's:

a. ribosomes

b. nucleus

c. plasma membrane

d. DNA

e. cell wall

c. plasma membrane

Which of the following CORRECTLY pairs the component of a virus with its function?

a. genome - lyse host cell

b. capsid - translate viral genome

c. capsomere - express viral genes

d. genome - express host genes

e. capsomere - bind with host cell

e. capsomere - bind with host cell

Which of the following correctly describes photoheterotrophs?

a. use light to make ATP but must ingest organic carbon

b. use light to make ATP and fix carbon

c. use light to fix carbon abd break down those compounds to make ATP

d. use energy from inorganic compounds to fix carbon

e. use energy from inorganic compounds to make ATP but cannot fix carbon

a. use light to make ATP but must ingest organic carbon

Which of the following indicates that the flagellum is an analogous structure in the three domains?

a. flagella are found in all three domains

b. bacterial and archaean flagella are comprised of different proteins

c. flagella are only found in some protists

d. the common ancestor of all the domains posses flagella

e. bacteria and archaea have similar flagellar structures

b. bacterial and archaean flagella are comprised of different proteins

Which of the following is a process of genetic recombination that involves the uptake of foreign DNA from a prokaryotic cell's surroundings?

a. transformation

b. conjugation

c. mutation

d. transduction

e. transcription

a. transformation

Mitochondria are most closely related to which extant group of bacteria?

a. alpha proteobacteria

b. spirochetes

c. cyanobacteria

d. gram-positive bacteria

e. chlamydias

a. alpha proteobacteria

You have isolated a new species of bacteria that grows rapidly if provided with glucose and oxygen and more slowly without oxygen. If provided with inorganic carbon instead of glucose, it cannot grow at all. Which of the following best describes this species?

a. Heterotrophic obligate anaerobe

b. Autotrophic obligate aerobe

c. Heterotrophic obligate aerobe

d. Heterotrophic facultative anaerobe

e. Autotrophic facultative anaerobe

d. Heterotrophic facultative anaerobe

Which of the following cell structures are found in BOTH prokaryotes AND eukaryotes?

I. cell wall

II. nucleoid

III. ribosomes

IV. flagellum

V. golgi apparatus

I, III, and IV (cell wall, ribosomes, and flagellum)

Which of the following describe transformation, transduction, AND conjugation?

I. occur in prokaryotes and eukaryotes

II. involves a phage

III. leads to genetic recombination

IV. increases the rate of mutation

V. leads to genetic variation in prokaryotes

III and V (leads to genetic recombination and leads to genetic variation in prokaryotes)

Which of the following are TRUE regarding domains bacteria and archaea?

I. only bacteria have peptidoglycan cell walls

II. archaea are more often associated with extreme environments

III. bacteria must be aerobic, archaea can be aerobic or anaerobic

IV. bactera are more closely related to eukarya than archaea

I and II (only bacteria have peptidoglycan cell walls and archaea are more often associated with extreme environments)

Which of the following groups is mostly multicellular?

a. trypanosomes

b. parabasalids

c. red algae

d. diatoms

e. entamoebas

c. red algae

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic found in the hypothetical ancestor of all protists?

a. endosymbiosis

b. chloroplasts

c. heterotrophic

d. glycolysis

e. ribosomes

b. chloroplasts

Which characteric(s) is/are shared by diplomonads, gram-positive bacteria, and viruses?

I. nucleus

II. genetic material

III. plasma membrane

IV. mitosomes

V. peptidoglycan

II only (genetic material)

You have discovered an organism and think that it is a green alga. If you are correct, which of the following characteristics should this organism possess?

a. kinetoplastids

b. micronucleus and macronucleus

c. photosynthetic pigments

d. hydrogenosomes

e. excavated feeding groove

c. photosynthetic pigments

You are examing a few cells of a multicellular organism under the microscope and notice that the cells possess chitin in their cell walls, functional mitochondria, and two haploid nuclei in every cell. What group(s) could this organism belong to?

I. archaea

II. eukarya

III. excavata

IV. nucleariids

V. opisthokonta

II and V (eukarya and opisthokonta)

What group possesses hydrogenosomes?

a. amebozoans

b. diplomonads

c. stramenopiles

d. parabasalids

e. alveolates

d. parabasalids

All protists share a common ancestor that had which of the following traits?

a. mitochondria

b. plastids

c. nucleus

d. b and c

e. a and c

e. a and c

Which characteristics are shared by parabasalids and stramenopiles?

I. hydrogenosomes

II. hairy flagellum

III. DNA

IV. phycoerythrin

V. plasma membrane

III and V (DNA and plasma membrane)

In fungi, pheromones are important because they prevent:

a. hyphae from one mycelium fusing with the hyphae of a genetically identical mycelium

b. hyphae from producing hydrolytic enzymes in dry environments

c. the release of sexual signaling molecules from fruiting bodies

d. the fusion of two nuclei during plasmogamy

e. two different mating types from fusing with each other

a. hyphae from one mycelium fusing with the hyphae of a genetically identical mycelium

According to our recent understanding of eukaryotic phylogenetics, the most likely sister group to the Kingdom fungi is the:

a. nucleariids

b. ameobozaoans

c. opisthokonts

d. chytrids

e. animals

a. nucleariids

Which of the following fungal structures are used for spore dispersal?

a. mycelium

b. haustoria

c. chitin

d. hydrolases

e. aerial hyphae

e. aerial hyphae

Place the following steps of zygomycete sexual reproduction in the CORRECT order, starting with mature mycelium.

I. Opposite mating types detect pheremones

II. Karyogamy

III. Plasmogamy

IV. Meiosis

V. Spores released

I > III > II > IV > V

Which of the following are found in members of the Kingdom fungi?

I. photosynthesis

II. hydrolases

III. internal digestion

IV. cell walls

V. single-cell organisms

II, IV, and V (hydrolases, cell walls, and single-celled organisms)

Which characteristics are shared by chytrids, zygomycetes, and glomeromycetes?

I. Cell wall comprised of cellulose

II. flagaellated spores

III. heterotrophic resource acquisition

IV. photosynthesis

V. members of superfamily Unikonta

III and V (heterotrophic resource acquisition and members of superfamily Unikonta)

Dr. Zhivago is studying mycorrhizae and has developed a chemical which destroys the fungus. What do you predict will be the direct effect on the plant by using this chemical?

a. it will not be able to undergo pollination

b. it will not have enough minerals to grow properly

c. its rate of water uptake will be increased

d. it will not have enough carbohydrates to grow normally

e. it will thicken its layer of cuticle

b. it will not have enough minerals to grow properly

Dogs and cats are coelomates, meaning that their body cavity is:

a. located between the ectoderm and the mesoderm

b. completely lined with endoderm

c. not filled with fluid

d. completely lined with mesoderm

e. located inside of the digestive tract

d. completely lined with mesoderm

Which of the following is TRUE about an animal that can be cut like a pie, where several cutting places produce roughly identical pieces?

a. bilateral symmetry

b. radial symmetry

c. triploblastic development

d. asymmetrical

e. mesoderm develops in pockets

b. radial symmetry

The homeobox (HOX) gene complex:

a. is found only in vertebrates

b. triggers development of vocal chords

c. regulates development in animals

d. is analogous in plants and animals

e. is found in all eukaryotes

c. regulates development in animals

Which characteristics are shared by all protostomes and deuterostomes?

I. Cleavage during embryonic development

II. blastopore becomes mouth

III. development of a true coelom

IV. three germ layers

V. radial symmetry

I and IV (cleavage and three germ layers)

Which of the following is NOT a trait associated with protostomes?

I. coelom forms from the archenteron

II. spiral cleavage

III. determinate cleavage

IV. blastopore becomes the mouth

V. all of these are characteristics of protostomes

I. coelom forms from the archenteron

Arrange the following traits in order from most ancestral to most derived in animals:

I. coelom

II. bilateral symmetry

III. multicellularity

IV. specialized tissues

III > IV > II > I

Psittacus erithacus is an animal that has dorsal and ventral sides. Based on this information, what other characteristics describe this organism?

I. it is a diploblast

II. it has radial symmetry

III. it develops three embryonic germ layers

IV. it undergoes cleavage during embryonic development

V. it has defined tissues and organs

I, IV, and V (diploblastic, cleavage, and defined tissues and organs)

Place the following structures or processes in the order in which they occur during animal development, starting with fertilization.

I. gastrulation

II. hollow sphere of cells

III. zygote

IV. blastulation

V. cleavage

III > V > IV > II > I

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of members in the Phylum Cnidaria?

a. diploblastic

b. choanocytes

c. cnidocytes

d. true tissues

e. endoderm

b. choanocytes

Sepioteuthis lessoniana is an animal that lives in the Pacific ocean and has a radula, a mantle, and a foot modified to form tentacles. This organism is in the phylum:

a. chordata

b. arthropoda

c. porifera

d. mollusca

e. nematoda

d. mollusca

Which of the following phyla is/are members of the Ecdysozoa clade?

a. nematoda

b. annelida

c. arthropoda

d. a and c

e. b and c

d. a and c

What characteristics do the Phylums Platyhelminthes and Mollusca have in common?

a. triploblastic

b. cnidocytes

c. ecdysis

d. radial symmetry

e. notochord

a. triploblastic

Which of the following groups share a common ancestor that had bilateral symmetry and a true coelom?

I. annelida

II. cnidaria

III. porifera

IV. arthropoda

V. rotifera

I, IV, and V ( annelida, arthropoda, and rotifera)

Place the following taxonomic groups in order from least inclusive to most inclusive.

I. Eumetazoa

II. Ecdysozoa

III. Metazoa

IV. Bilateria

II > IV > I > III

Which of the following groups represents the most basal animal clade?

a. platyhelminthes

b. nematoda

c. annelida

d. porifera

e. cnidaria

d. porifera

A derived trait is an evolutionary feature that is:

a. present only in one species

b. novel within a particular clade

c. shared by all living organisms

d. absent in extinct species

e. found only in extant species

b. novel within a particular clade

The Acoela are a Phylum in the Kingdom Animalia classified in the clade Bilateria. Based on this information, which of the following must be true of the Phylum Acoela.

I. gastrulation results in three germ tissue layers

II. they must molt to go through metamorphosis

III. they are also in the clade Lophotrochozoa

IV. they share a more recent common ancestor with the Phylum Chordata than Phylum Arthropoda

I only (gastrulation results in three germ layers)

Which clade within Chordata is characterized by the presence of hinged jaws?

a. osteichthyes

b. tetrapoda

c. mammalia

d. gnathostomia

e. amniota

d. gnathostomia

Which of the following is a unique shared derived trait of the Phylum Echinodermata?

a. bilateral symmetry

b. endoskeleton

c. deuterostome development

d. water vascular system

e. radial symmetry

d. water vascular system

An amniotic egg and rib cage ventilation are shared derived traits of all:

a. mammals and lobe-fins

b. vertebrates and reptiles

c. chordates and mammals

d. reptiles and lobe-fins

e. mammals and reptiles

e. mammals and reptiles

Arrange the following groups of animals in order from most inclusive to least inclusive.

I. deuterostomia

II. vertebrata

III. tetrapoda

IV. mammalia

V. chordata

I > V > II > III > IV

Arrange the following groups in the order in which they appeared on Earth, from earliest to most recent.

I. Reptiles

II. Humans

III. Amphibians

IV. Bony fish

V. Primates

IV > III > I > V > II

Homo Habilis was an early hominid that lived approximately 1.6 mya during the Pleistocene. Its leg bone morphology was similar to modern humans, however their correct placement on the human evolutionary tree is still uncertain. At present, most scientists place them closer to modern humans (thus in the genus Homo) rather than in the Australopithecines. From this information, what else is true regarding Homo Habilis?

I. presence of a tail

II. bipedal locomotion

III. opposable thumbs

IV. eutherian

V. engaged in art and music

II, III, and IV (bipedal locomotion, opposable thumbs, and eutherian)

Which of the following is a shared derived trait of Homo Sapiens?

a. large brain

b. social behavior

c. complex tool use

d. opposable thumbs

e. forward-looking eyes

c. complex tool use

When considering plants, animals, and fungi, which of the following structures are haploid (n)?

I. sperm

II. zygote

III. sporophyte

IV. gametophyte

V. fungal spore

I, IV, and V (sperm, gametophytes, and fungal spores)

Non vascular plants require _________ to reproduce and transport water using __________.

a. water, osmosis

b. water. xylem cells

c. wind, xylem cells

d. wind, osmosis

e. water, phloem cells

a. water, osmosis

Which of the following describes alternation of generations in plants?

a. gametophytes produce gametes via meiosis

b. sporophytes produce spores via meiosis

c. gametophytes produce gametes via mitosis

d. a and b

e. b and c

e. b and c

Peatland is an important carbon reservoir that is involved in stabilizing the concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide. The major component of peatland is a(n):

a. gymnosperm

b. angiosperm

c. bryophyte

d. conifer

e. fern

c. bryophyte

Which of the following statements regarding mosses and ferns is TRUE?

a. mosses are gametophyte-dominant while ferns are sporophyte-dominant

b. neither mosses nor ferns have roots

c. ferns have flowers, mosses do not

d. neither ferns nor mosses have vascular tissues

e. mosses produce seeds, ferns do not

a. mosses are gametophyte-dominant while ferns are sporophyte-dominant

Place in the following steps or stages of the fern life cycle in the CORRECT order, starting with the mature sporophyte.

I. gametes made via mitosis

II. sporophyte grows via mitosis

III. zygote forms via fertilization

IV. spores made via meiosis

V. gametophyte grows via mitosis

IV > V > I > III > II

Which characteristics are shared by plants and animals?

I. multicellular

II. haploid and diploid cells or stages in life cycle

III. fusion of gametes

IV. gametophyte and sporophyte stages in life cycle

V. production of haploid spores

I, II, and III (multicellular, haploid and diploid stages, and fusion of gametes)

Which of the following trait/events occurred in the evolutionary history of Angiosperms?

I. primary endosymbiosis of a mitochondrion

II. cell walls evolved rings of microfibrils

III. secondary symbiosis of a mitochondrion

IV. development of tissues

V. external digestion using hydrolases

I, II, and IV (primary endosymbiosis, cell walls evolved rings of microfibrils, and development of tissues)

Which of the following groups represents the basal clade for vascular plants?

a. eudicots

b. monocots

c. angiosperms

d. seedless vascular plants

e. gymnosperms

d. seedless vascular plants

Flowers are specialized structures in which the ______ is/are usually green and protect the flower before it opens and the _______ is the sticky tip that receives the pollen.

a. filament, stamen

b. sepals, stigma

c. sepals, style

d. sepals, stamen

e. filament, stigma

b. sepals, stigma

Which of the following is an adaptation of gymnosperms to dry environments?

a. spores

b. sporopollenin

c. homospory

d. increased size of gametophyte

e. pollen

e. pollen

Which of the following develops in BOTH angiosperms and gymnosperms?

I. endosperm

II. male gametophyte

III. seedling

IV. megaspore

V. polar nuclei

II, III, and IV (male gametophytes, seedlings, and megaspores)

Which of the following statements about pollen is FALSE?

a. it is multicellular

b. it grows from microspores

c. it generates diploid spores

d. it is haploid

e. it is the male gametophyte

c. it generates diploid spores

Place the following steps or stages of the angiosperm life cycle in the CORRECT order, starting with the mature sporophyte.

I. diploid cells forms via fertilization

II. gametes made via mitosis

III. multicellular sporophyte forms

IV. spores made via meiosis

V. multicellular gametophytes develop

IV > V > II > I > III

Which of the following hormone - function pairs are CORRECT?

I. auxin - regulates tropism

II. cytokinin - regulates cell division

III. ABA - prevents seed germination

IV. ethylene - ripening of fruit

I, II, III, and IV (all of them)

Which of the following plant hormones is a gas?

a. cyotkinins

b. ethylene

c. auxins

d. epinephrine

e. abscisic acid

b. ethylene

Which of the following is NOT a function of the shoot system?

a. photosynthesis

b. height

c. starch storage

d. attracting pollinators

e. support leaves

c. starch storage

Damage to the meristems of a plant would most directly affect which function of the plant?

a. growth

b. fruit development

c. drought tolerance

d. photosynthesis

e. transpiration

a. growth

Place the movement of water through a plant in the CORRECT order.

I. soil

II. stomata

III. stem xylem

IV. root xylem

V. leaf mesophyll

I > IV > III > V > II

Which of the following is an example of a tropism?

a. a plant orients its leaves toward a sunny window

b. an oak tree produces seeds only in spring

c. a flowering plant relies on bees for pollination

d. a tree transports water through the xylem

e. sugar moves in from source to sink in a shrub

a. a plant orients its leaves toward a sunny window

Which of the following are functions of the ground tissue system?

I. photosynthesis

II. transportation of sugar

III. water absorption from soil

IV. starch storage

V. mechanical support

I, IV, and V (photosynthesis, starch storage, and mechanical support)

Place the steps of phototropism by plants in the CORRECT order.

I. hormone moves to shaded side

II. hormones produced

III. cells elongate

IV. tip of plant detects light

V. hormones move down stem

IV > II > I > V > III

Which of the following is TRUE regarding homeostasis?

a. it is defined as the maintenance of constant internal conditions

b. conformers maintain conditions at a set point or within a normal range

c. most animals are thermoregulators

d. a and b are correct

e. a, b, and c are correct

a. it is defined as the maintenance of constant internal conditions

The scales of a reptile and skin of a human both function in:

a. regulating the external environment

b. increasing the animal's surface area to volume ratio

c. maintaining water balance

d. eliminating the need for interstitial fluid

e. allowing the embryo to develop in the ocena

c. maintaining water balance

Which of the following is an example of a positive feedback system?

a. when you flush a toilet, the water in the tank is refilled only up to the fill line in the tank

b. body temperature is maintained within an optimal range

c. high levels of glucocorticoids cause the hypothalamus to stop releasing GRH

d. a spike in estrogen during the menstrual cycle triggers ovulation

e. if blood sugar drops, a hormone is released to raise the levels back to normal

d. a spike in estrogen during the menstrual cycle triggers ovulation

Dr. Strauss forgot to put on his coat and went outside where the temperature was below freezing and his body temperature went down. Very soon thereafter he began shivering, the blood vessels in his skin began to constrict, and his body temperature began to rise. If his body is capable of normal homeostasis, which of the following is TRUE?

I. the stimulus in this scenario is the low outside temperature

II. a control center in his body activated warming mechanisms

III. his temperature will increase to above normal range until he goes back inside

IV. this scenario is an example of positive feedback

V. he will continue to shiver until his body temperature reaches normal range

I, II, and V (stimulus is the cold, control center in his body activated warming mechanisms, and he will continue to shiver until he warms back up)

Place the following steps describing what happens when you fast for an extended period in CORRECT order, starting with a decrease in blood sugar.

I. liver breaks down glycogen

II. blood glucose level increases

III. pancreas releases glucagon

IV. blood glucose level decreases

V. target cells detect signal

IV > III > V > I > II

Normal blood pH in humans is tightly regulated at around 7.4. An individual's pH fluctuates depending on their state of health and the types of foods they eat. Significant deviations (below 7.35 or above 7.45) can cause damage to tissues throughout the body. Based on this information, which of the following statements best explains the control of pH in the body?

a. the body is able to respond to pH changes because it is a closed system

b. efficient regulation requires that all cells have a high surface area to volume ratio

c. the body must have a mechanism for responding to changes in internal stimuli

d. pH is regulated by only one organ in the body

e. only positive feedback is involved in pH regulation

c. the body must have a mechanism for responding to changes in internal stimuli

What is the role of insulin in blood glucose regulation?

a. promote absorption of glucose by the liver

b. bind to and sequester glucose in the blood

c. signal the liver and muscles to release glucose

d. inhibit glucose absorption from the small intestine

e. signal the pancreas to secrete glucagon

b. bind to and sequester glucose in the blood

Which of the following regulator/hormone pairs are matched CORRECTLY?

a. corticoids - polypeptide

b. insulin - steroid

c. epinephrine - polypeptide

d. nitric oxide - gas

e. estrogen - amine

d. nitric oxide - gas

Put the steps of a basic endocrine pathway involving the release of a peptide hormone in the CORRECT order. You may not need to use all the options in your answer.

I. hormone is constructed from chains of amino acids

II. hormone is secreted via exocytosis

III. hormone is transported in blood with aid of transport proteins

IV. hormone travels within a duct directly to target cell

V. hormone binds to a receptor protein on target cell membrane

V. hormone diffuses into cytoplasm

I > II > V

Which of the following statements regarding water-soluble hormones is FALSE?

a. they have hydrophilic regions

b. they readily dissolve in the bloodstream

c. they often utilize signal transduction pathways

d. they are often derived from cholesterol

e. they often act faster than lipid-soluble hormones

d. they are often derived from cholesterol

Put the following steps of the lipid-soluble hormone signaling pathway in the CORRECT order.

I. hormones diffuse into target cells

II. cells release hormones via diffusion

III. hormones bind receptor

IV. hormones bind transport proteins in bloodstream

V. hormone alter gene expression

II > IV > I > III > V

Nitric oxide (NO) stimulates the flow of blood to the tissues. Place the steps of this process in the CORRECT order.

I. NO diffuses into smooth muscle

II. enzymes are activated

III. endothelial cells release NO

IV. cells relax

V. vasodilation

III > I > II > IV > V

Your patient has a disorder which results in the inability of the body to synthesize cholesterol. If he eats a diet that is completely free of cholesterol, he will most likely be deficient in which type of hormone?

a. polypeptides

b. prostaglandins

c. amines

d. steroids

e. nitric oxide

d. steroids

A chemical has been discovered which disrupts the function of a water-soluble hormone by blocking the binding of the G protein to adenylyl cyclase. As a result, which of the following will NOT occur?

a. release of GDP by the G protein

b. binding of GTP to the G protein

c. section of the hormone

d. binding of the hormone to the receptor

e. conversion of ATP to cAMP

e. conversion of ATP to cAMP

During signal tranduction that is triggered by a water-soluble hormone, where is the G protein located?

a. cytoplasm

b. nucleoplasm

c. plasma membrane

d. extracellular fluid

e. nuclear envelope

c. plasma membrane

Which of the following types of communication between signaling cell and target cell is fastest?

a. synaptic

b. paracrine

c. autocrine

d. endocrine

e. neuroendocrine

a. synaptic

Which of the following glands is associated with the response to chronic stress?

a. adrenal cortex

b. pancreas

c. parathyroid

d. thyroid

e. adrenal medulla

a. adrenal cortex

Thiamazole is a drug which is often prescribed to treat hyperthyroidism. The drug inhibits the action of thyroperoxidase which catalyzes a step in the synthesis of T3 and T4. Which statement CORRECTLY describes thiamazole?

a. it will result in an overproduction of T3 and T4

b. it acts on cells in the anterior pituitary

c. it acts on cell in the hypothalamus

d. it will result in a drop in thyroid hormone levels in the blood

e. it will block the release of TRH from the anterior pituitary

d. it will result in a drop in thyroid hormone levels in the blood

In which pair(s) are the arthropod hormone and its effect matched CORRECTLY?

I. ecdysteroid - triggers molting

II. juvenile hormone (JH) - prevents development of adult strucutres

III. prothoracic hormone (PTTH) - triggers release of JH

I and II

Which of the following pairs of hormones are antagonistic to each other?

I. calcitonin and parathyroid hormone

II. epinephrine and glucocorticoids

III. thyroid-releasing hormone and thyroid-stimulating hormone

IV. follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone

V. insulin and glucagon

I and V

Which of the following hormones has both tropic AND non-tropic effects?

a. growth hormone

b. thyroid-releasing hormone

c. epinephrine

d. adenocorticotropic hormone

e. thyroid-stimulating hormone

a. growth hormone

In which pair are both hormones released by the anterior pituitary gland?

a. TSH and GH

b. ACTH and calcitonin

c. GH and oxytocin

d. ACTH and epinephrine

e. LH and oxytocin

a. TSH and GH

A drug which blocks all of the hormone receptors on cell membranes of mammary gland cells would prevent cellular activity stimulated by:

a. ADH

b. ACTH

c. LH

d. prolactin

e. FSH

d. prolactin

Place the following steps in the signaling of the adrenal cortex in the CORRECT order.

I. adrenal cortex stimulated

II. corticotropin-releasing factor released

III. hypothalamus stimulated

IV. anterior pituitary stimulated

V. adrenocorticotropic hormone released

III > II > IV > V > I

Which of the following are ADVANTAGES to asexual reproduction?

I. faster generation of offspring

II. increased variation of offspring

III. higher percentage of parent's genes passed on

IV. gametes produced via meiosis

I only

Which of the following words describes a species where individuals start life as female but may become male later in life due to environmental stimuli?

a. monecious

b. hermaphrodite

c. polygynous

d. androgynous

e. protogynous

a. monecious

Which of the following best explains unusually high levels of androgen binding protein in males?

a. hyposecretion of inhibin from Sertoli cells

b. hypersecretion of testosterone from Leydig cells

c. hyposection of inhibin from the anterior pituitary

d. hyposection of testosterone from Sertoli cells

e. hypersection of follicle-stimulating hormone from the hypothalamus

b. hypersecretion of testosterone from Leydig cells