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Antibiotic resistance
Microbial arms race
Resistance can be spread across spieces via plasmids
Can spread from corn to human
Primary drives
Over prescribing
MIs use/ not finishing treatment
Over use in livestock and fish farming
Poor infection control on hospitals
Lack of hygiene and sanitation
Lack of new antibiotics being developed
Mechanisms of resistance
Biofilms drastically inhibit the effectiveness of any chemotherapy regardless of MOA
Efflux
Immunity & bypass
Target modification
Inactivating enzymes
ESKAPE
E- enterococcus faecium
S- staphylococcus aureus
K- klebsiella pneumoniae
A- acinetobacter baumannii
P- pseudomonas aeruginosa
E- enterobacter spp