Object Oriented Programming

Class

the description/template of what the data looks like (the state) and what the data can do (the behaviour)

Objects

data items, an object is an instance of a class

attributes

gives and object’s properties

methods

describes the actions that the object can perform

instantiation

creating objects within a class

setter

sets the value of a particular attribute

getter

retrieves the value of a particular attribute

encapsulation

attributes cannot be directly accessed/edited by the user by making them private

constructor

allows a new object to be created

super class

parent class

subclass

class within a parent class

inheritance

• where the subclass possess all of the methods/attributes of the superclass

• each subclass can have its own attributes along with those in the superclass

overriding

classing a method from an object that shares the same name as a method further up

• can be ignored is using superclass each super.______

  • the method from the original subclass is used instead

Declarative programming

statements are written that describe the problem to be solved and the language implementation decides the best way of solving it

Functional programming

statements are written as a series of functions which accept input data as arguments and return an output

procedural programming

has a series of instructions that tell the computer what to do with the input in order to solve the problem

structured programming

type of procedural programming which uses modular programming techniques to split large programs into manageable chunks

object oriented programming

abstracts details of implementations away from the programmers to make code reusable and programs easy to maintain

example of object oriented programming

class ToyTank

private colour

private name

public procedure new(givenColour, givenName)

colour = givenColour

name = givenName

end procedure

public procedure getColour()

print(“My colour is”, colour)

end procedure

public procedure setColour(newColour)

colour = newColour

end procedure

end class

Polymorphism

Reusing the same code in another area/object to obtain different results

Parameters

A variables used in a subroutine to refer to data provided within the input of the subroutine

method examples

update [attribute]

change [attribute]

set [attribute]