Parasitology Lec 3: Should Christians who believe in the Biblical account of origins just ignore evolution?

some might say “yes” bcuz to study evolution gives credence to this belief system, which might imply

acceptance of the theory

However, Scripture tells us to not be ignorant that some will try and deceive us- we should be

on our guard

Colossians 2:8

“See to it that no one takes you captive through hollow and deceptive philosophy, which depends on human tradition and the elemental spiritual forces of this world rather than on Christ”

Those who do not believe that “God created” will ultimately try to push their theory, and ultimately their ____, on us

agenda

To be completely ignorant of the foundational beliefs of the theory of evolution leaves us unable to defend our belief in origins, which puts us as Christians

in a weak position

Often, those that would advocate ignoring evolution are also in favor of overlooking the

plants, insects and birds that occur in creation.

that may be fine for certain people because their interests lie elsewhere but Prov 6:6 says,

“Go to the ant, o sluggard, observe her ways and be wise”

however, many people are born with a great fascination of God’s creation: Psalm 104: 24-25,

“how many are your works, Lord! In wisdom You made them all; the earth is full of Your creatures. There is the sea, vast and spacious, teeming with creatures beyond number- living things both large and small”

give one problem with ignoring creation biology:

when the church (the body of believers) shows no interest in these things and fails to discuss creation and evolution, then these people tend to drift away from Christianity and often develop non-biblical ideas about creation.

Professing to be wise, they became fools…

Romans 1:21-23: “Because that, when they knew God, they glorified him not as God, neither were thankful; but became vain in their imaginations, and their foolish heart was darkened. Professing themselves to be wise, they became fools, and changed the glory of the incorruptible God into an image made like to corruptible man, and to birds, and four-footed beasts, and creeping things.”

*lastly, if youre a christian biologist and you completely ignore evolution, you are missing out on a huge amount of data that could be used

to further Creation Science

most scientific studies of the “natural world” are funded by the public monies and have a decidedly ____ bent to them

evolutionary

the data in these studies can be used to further explain how the organisms we now see on earth have come from

the kinds created by God

However, you have to know something about evolution to understand the bias of

the investigators doing the study

much of our study of invertebrates in this course is based on

taxonomy

Taxonomy can be loaded with ____ thought

evolutionary

However, if we carefully work our way through it, we can gain a considerable amount of information that will help us build

a stronger foundation for a God-centered view of creation.

Psalm 92:5:

“How marvelous are Your works, O Lord!”

Taxonomy:

The systematic ordering and naming of organisms

Genesis 2:19

“out of the ground the Lord God formed every beast of the field and every bird of the air, and brought them to Adam to see what he would call them. And whatever Adam called each living creature, that was its name.”

This command in Genesis gives living organisms a certain amount of dignity and implies that knowledge about them is

important. this provides us with some good reasons to study living organisms

carl linnaeus was a ____ botanist who lived from when to when

swedish, 1707-1778

linnaeus was a christian who began his published works by praising God as

“the Almighty Creator and Preserver of all things.”

which two things did he publish that are recognized as the starting points of modern botanical and zoological nomenclature

Species Plantarum and Systema Naturae

know! *Linnaeus proposed the

binomial (two part) naming system

linnaeus developed the first workable classification system and it is still in use today:

kingdom through species

others had proposed classification systems based on the idea that

organisms were part of a continuum but they proved unworkable.

what was a very popular idea

spontaneous generation

Linneaus put organisms into categories based on the ____ of species which he got from Genesis (Genesis 1:21)

fixity. “So God created great sea creatures and every living thing that moves, with which the waters abounded, according to their kind, and every winged bird according to its kind”

there are a number of classification categories most of which were proposed by

Linneaus- kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species

*know! a category is referred to as

a taxon (pl. taxa)

Taxonomists have the option of subdividing these ranks further examples:

superfamily, subfamily, super order, suborder, etc.

Symmetry:

balanced proportions or correspondence in size and shape of parts on opposite sides of a median plane

Asymmetry:

No ordered pattern (uncommon)

Radial symmetry:

Many planes passing through the longitudinal axis (usually starting at the mouth) can divide the body into two similar halves

Bilateral symmetry:

Only one plane passing through the longitudinal axis will divide the body into two “equal” halves

*Know! bilateral symmetry is highly correlated with

cephalization- the development of the head

Cephalization:

The concentration of nervous and sensory tissues and organs at one end of the organism (anterior)

Germ layers:

Groups of cells that act as a unit during the early stages of embryonic development

the germ layers give rise to the

distinctly different tissues that are in adults

Diploblastic:

Two distinct germ layers (ectoderm and endoderm) form in the early embryo

there are only ___ animal phyla in diploblastic

a few

*know! what are the most notable animal phyla that are diploblastic

Cnidaria (jellyfish and corals)

Triploblastic: (most of the animals)

Three distinct germ layers (ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm) arise in the early embryo

the absence of a third germ layer, does NOT mean that the adult of a diploblastic species will ____

lack the tissues that are derived from this layer in adults of a triploblastic species

Triploblastic animals can be further classified into three basic plans based on

an internal body cavity (coelomates, pseudocoelomates, and acoelomates)

coelomates (the most common)-

mesoderm cells lines the outer edge of the blastocoel and also line the outer layer of the gut cavity. two body cavities are formed, a gut and a coelom. the second body cavity is completely lined with mesoderm. a true coelom is formed

pseudocoelomate:

mesoderm cells only line the outer edge of the blastocoel leaving two body cavities

in a pseudocoelomate, a ___ coelom is formed and the second body cavity is ____ lined with mesoderm

false; not completely

acoelomate:

mesoderm cells completely fill the blastocoel

in acoelomate, it leaves the ____ as the only body cavity and ____ coelom

gut; no

protosomes:

the first embryonic opening, the blastopore, becomes the adult mouth

examples of protosomes

snails, earthworms, etc.

deuterostomes:

the second embryonic opening becomes the adult mouth

examples of deuterostomes

sea stars, acorn worms

before the late 1700s plants and animals were named using

Latin phrases with eight or more words (polynomial)

Linnaeus proposed a binomial system with

genus-specifc epithet: Big Sandy crayfish- Cambarus callainus

with the bionomial system, all organisms have one binomial name and no other organism shares that name in contrast to

common names

Genus-first letter capitalized, specific epithet-first letter always lowercase. Both are either in italics or underlined