Bacterial Cell Structure 2

The term that refers to the presence of flagella all over the cell surface is:

A. Amphitrichous

B. Atrichous

C. Lophotrichous

D. Monotrichous

E. Peritrichous

Peritrichous

The short, numerous appendages used by some bacterial cells for adhering to surfaces are called:

A. Flagella

B. Cilia

C. Fimbriae

D. Periplasmic flagella (axial filaments)

E. Sex pili

Fimbriae

Which structure protects bacteria from being phagocytized?

A. slime layer

B. fimbriae

C. cell membrane

D. capsule

capsule

*** (Don't confuse) The outcome of the Gram stain is based on differences in the cell's

A. ribosomes

B. inclusions

C. cell wall

D. cell membrane

E. flagella

cell wall

The cell __________ can be composed of three layers: the cell membrane, the cell wall, and the outer membrane.

A. Glycocalyx

B. Envelope

C. Pathogenic package

D. Slime coat

Envelope

Peptidoglycan is a unique macromolecule found in bacterial

A. cell walls

B. call membranes

C. capsules

D. slime layers

E. inclusions

Cell walls

A bacterial genus that has waxy mycolic acid in the cell walls is

A. Mycobacterium

B. Mycoplasma

C. Streptococcus

D. Salmonella

Mycobacterium

__________ is a macromolecule containing alternating N-acetylglucosamine and N-acetylmuramic acid cross-linked by short peptide fragments.

A. Mycolic acid

B. Outer membrane protein

C. Peptidoglycan

D. Lysozyme

Peptidoglycan

The enzyme __________, that is found in tears and saliva, can hydrolyze the bonds in the glycan chains of certain bacterial cell walls.

A. Penicillinase

B. Lysozyme

C. Peptidase

D. Kinase

Lysozyme

Lipopolysaccharide is an important cell wall component of

A. Gram-negative bacteria

B. Gram-positive bacteria

C. Acid-fast bacteria

D. Mycoplamas

Gram-negative bacteria

Chemical analysis of a bacterial cell structure detects calcium dipicolinic acid. What is the identity of this structure?

A. Cell wall

B. Capsule

C. Slime layer

D. Nucleotide

E. Endospore

Endospore

A chain of rod-shaped cells would be called a:

A. streptobacillus

B. Staphylobacillus

C. Streptococcus

D. Staphylococcus

E. Palisade

Streptobacillus