Historic Documents
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24 Terms
The Enlightenment
A European intellectual movement from the 1600s-1700s
Declaration of Independence
Created the United States as a new nation and stated that the colonies were free from the British
Grievances
Official statements of complaint over something believed to be wrong or unfair
Natural rights
Given by God or nature, rather than the government
Consent
Permission or allowing something to happen
Social Contract Theory
The idea that the government gets its authority from the consent of the people and that the government is supposed to protect the rights of the people
Republic
A government where representatives are elected by the people
Articles of Confederation
The first plan for the US government that included many weaknesses and was ultimately replaced
Northwest Ordinance
Set up how new territories would be governed and created rules for how new states would be added
Precedent
An earlier event or action that is used as an example or model for the future
Habeas Corpus
Protection from unlawful imprisonment
US Constitution
Created a plan for the government of the United States that is still used today and features three branches of government
Separation of powers
The three branches of government have different powers and responsibilities
Legislative branch
The branch of government that makes the law
Executive branch
The branch of government that enforces the law
Judicial branch
The branch of government that interprets the law
Checks and balances
Each of the three branches has the power to override the other branches to prevent one branch from becoming too powerful
Federalism
Power is shared between the national and state governments
Limited government
The principle that the government cannot do whatever it wants and that its powers are defined
Ratification
Formal approval or confirmation
Federalists
People who supported the ratification of the Constitution
Anti-Federalist
People who opposed the ratification of the Constitution
Bill of Rights
The first ten amendments to the Constitution
Amendment
A change to the Constitution