Assignment 1 preparation

What is the anatomical position?

A standing position where the person faces forward, with upper limbs by sides and palms facing forward, and lower limbs together with toes facing front.

What divides the body into left and right parts?

The sagittal plane.

What are the directional terms for locating body structures?

Superior, inferior, anterior, posterior, medial, lateral, proximal, distal, superficial, deep.

What is flexion?

Decreasing the angle between two bones, typically occurring in the sagittal plane.

What type of muscle tissue is voluntary?

Skeletal muscle.

What is the primary function of nervous tissue?

To conduct information as the main component of the nervous system.

What are the four main tissue types in the body?

Epithelial, connective, muscular, and nervous tissues.

What does the integumentary system consist of?

Skin, including the epidermis and dermis, and appendages like hairs, nails, and glands.

What is the primary function of the urinary system?

To filter blood to remove waste products.

What structure collects excess extracellular fluid in the lymphatic system?

Lymphatic capillaries.

What are the components of the digestive system?

Alimentary canal and accessory organs.

Which body system is responsible for the return of fluid to the bloodstream?

The lymphatic system.

Where is gas exchange primarily carried out in the respiratory system?

In the alveolar sacs.

What does the endocrine system use for control?

Hormones traveling through the bloodstream.

What does the term 'proximally' refer to in anatomical terms?

Closer to the trunk

What is the main role of cardiac muscle?

To pump blood throughout the body.

What is the function of the prostate gland in the male reproductive system?

To contribute fluid to sperm and surround the urethra.

What is the pathway of sperm starting from the epididymis?

Epididymis to Ductus Deferens to Urethra.

What divides the body into left and right parts?

The sagittal plane.

What is the primary function of nervous tissue?

To conduct information as the main component of the nervous system.

What are the four main tissue types in the body?

Epithelial, connective, muscular, and nervous tissues.

What does the integumentary system consist of?

Skin, including the epidermis and dermis, and appendages like hairs, nails, and glands.

What structure collects excess extracellular fluid in the lymphatic system?

Lymphatic capillaries.

What are the components of the digestive system?

Alimentary canal and accessory organs.

Which body system is responsible for the return of fluid to the bloodstream?

The lymphatic system.

Where is gas exchange primarily carried out in the respiratory system?

In the alveolar sacs.

What does the endocrine system use for control?

Hormones traveling through the bloodstream.

What does the term 'proximally' refer to in anatomical terms?

Closer to the origin of a body part or limb attachment.

What is the main role of cardiac muscle?

To pump blood throughout the body.

What is the function of the prostate gland in the male reproductive system?

To contribute fluid to sperm and surround the urethra.

What is the pathway of sperm starting from the epididymis?

Epididymis to Ductus Deferens to Urethra.

What is the primary function of epithelial tissue?

To protect, secrete, absorb, and filter.

What is the primary function of connective tissue?

To support, protect, bind, and store substances.

Where is smooth muscle tissue primarily found?

In the walls of internal organs where it aids in involuntary movements like peristalsis.

What plane divides the body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) parts?

The coronal (frontal) plane.

What plane divides the body into superior (upper) and inferior (lower) parts?

The transverse (horizontal) plane.

What is extension in anatomical terms?

Increasing the angle between two bones, typically occurring in the sagittal plane.

What does the directional term 'lateral' mean?

Away from the midline of the body.

What is the primary function of nervous tissue?

To conduct information as the main component of the nervous system.

What are the four main tissue types in the body?

Epithelial, connective, muscular, and nervous tissues.

What are the components of the digestive system?

Alimentary canal and accessory organs.

Where is gas exchange primarily carried out in the respiratory system?

In the alveolar sacs.

What does the endocrine system use for control?

Hormones traveling through the bloodstream.

What is the main role of cardiac muscle?

To pump blood throughout the body.

What is the function of the prostate gland in the male reproductive system?

To contribute fluid to sperm and surround the urethra.

What is the pathway of sperm starting from the epididymis?

Epididymis to Ductus Deferens to Urethra.

What is the primary function of epithelial tissue?

To protect, secrete, absorb, and filter.

What is the primary function of connective tissue?

To support, protect, bind, and store substances.

Where is smooth muscle tissue primarily found?

In the walls of internal organs where it aids in involuntary movements like peristalsis.

What plane divides the body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) parts?

The coronal (frontal) plane.

What plane divides the body into superior (upper) and inferior (lower) parts?

The transverse (horizontal) plane.

What is extension in anatomical terms?

Increasing the angle between two bones, typically occurring in the sagittal plane.

What does the directional term 'lateral' mean?

Away from the midline of the body.

What is abduction in anatomical terms?

Movement of a limb or body part away from the midline of the body.

What is adduction in anatomical terms?

Movement of a limb or body part toward the midline of the body.

What does the directional term 'ipsilateral' mean?

On the same side of the body.

What are the three main types of muscle tissue found in the human body?

Skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle.

What unique structural features are found in cardiac muscle that facilitate rapid impulse conduction?

Intercalated discs, which contain gap junctions and desmosomes.

What are the four main classes of connective tissue?

Connective tissue proper, cartilage, bone, and blood.

What are the two major cell types found in nervous tissue?

Neurons and neuroglia (glial cells).