Approach to resp cow

What should you ask about the duration of respiratory disease symptoms in animals?

How long has the condition been ongoing?

What does it indicate if the issue affects multiple animals vs. just one?

Whole herd issues like IBR or PI3 suggest a herd problem, while individual issues like MCF or lungworm suggest a single animal problem.

What signs can indicate respiratory disease?

Coughing, nasal discharge, increased respiratory effort, and other clinical signs.

What respiratory disease is suggested if an animal presents with coughing?

BRD, mycobacterium bovis, or lungworm.

What nasal discharge type is associated with BRD and MCF?

Mucopurulent nasal discharge.

What can increased respiratory effort indicate?

IBR, BRD, contagious bovine pleuropneumonia, lungworm, or fog fever.

What is an unusual clinical sign that may point to mycoplasma bovis?

Head tilt due to otitis media.

What age group is primarily affected by IBR?

Animals older than 6 months.

What symptom is associated with mycobacterium bovis?

Weight loss.

What vaccination protocols should be reviewed in respiratory disease cases?

Vaccinations for IBR, lungworm, RSV, BVD, and PI3.

What recent management change might cause respiratory issues?

Cusing stress can lead to PI3.

What does having cows kept with sheep indicate?

Risk factor for MCF, which transfers from sheep to cows.

How can recent weather conditions contribute to respiratory disease?

Turning animals out when wet can increase the risk of lungworm.

Why is it important to track if a herd is closed or if new stock has been brought in recently?

New stock can introduce IBR or mycobacterium bovis.

What recent reproductive issues should be investigated in respiratory disease cases?

Any recent abortions can indicate IBR.

What should be examined during a full clinical exam?

Nose, eyes, mouth, lymph nodes, temperature, pulse, respiratory rate, and auscultation of lungs.

What does sloughing of nasal mucosa suggest?

MCF.

What eye condition might indicate IBR?

Conjunctivitis.

Where is lymph node enlargement commonly associated with respiratory disease?

Enlarged lymph nodes point to mycobacterium bovis or MCF.

What does a pyrexic temperature suggest in respiratory disease?

Possible IBR, MCF, BRD, mycoplasma bovis, or contagious bovine pleuropneumonia.

What lung sound indicates the presence of lungworm?

Crackling sounds upon lung auscultation.

What samples are useful for identifying IBR?

Nasal and conjunctival swabs for PCR testing.

What critical finding is indicative of IBR during a PM exam?

Sticky black material in the trachea.

What does a Baermann test detect?

Lungworm presence.

What does blood testing for mycobacterium bovis involve?

SICCT or blood test.

What should be done to treat respiratory disease supportively?

Keep animals warm, provide deep bedding, and isolate affected animals.

What preventative step is vital for IBR?

Vaccination to prevent and improve management.

What is the main issue with MCF treatment?

There is no treatment; euthanasia is often required.

What medication is commonly used to treat mycoplasma bovis?

IV oxytetracycline for three days.

What treatment strategy is used for lungworm?

Ivermectin and vaccinating calves before turnout.

What is an important factor in preventing respiratory diseases?

Reducing stocking density to alleviate environmental pressure.

What indicates a need for cleanliness in managing herds?

Regular bedding changes and proper drainage.

What is crucial for reducing stress in cattle?

Providing fresh air and ventilation.

What are some major causes of respiratory disease in cattle?

IBR, MCF, BRD, TB, and mycoplasma bovis.

What symptoms are associated with mycoplasma bovis?

Otitis media, joint inflammation, abortion, and mastitis.

How does contagious bovine pleuropneumonia typically present?

With fever, increased respiratory rate, and can cause polyarthritis in calves.

What is a non-coughing respiratory distress condition in cattle called?

Fog fever.

What are the symptoms of lungworm infection?

Coughing at rest, dyspnoea, and outstretched neck.

What bacteria causes shipping fever?

Mannheimia haemolytica.

What typically triggers shipping fever?

Stress from transport and mixing after weaning.