Filipino Language Advocacy and Language Variations

Vocabulary flashcards covering Module 1 (Advocacy for the National Language in Higher Education) and Module 2 (Language Variations, Registers, and Indigenous Scripts).

Wika (Language)

A systematic method of communication using sounds, words, symbols, and agreed-upon rules by a group of people to express thoughts, feelings, experiences, and goals.

M.A.K. Halliday

A British linguist who established Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) and identified the seven functions of language.

Instrumental Function

A function of language defined by M.A.K. Halliday that is used to satisfy specific needs or desires.

Regulatory Function

A function of language defined by M.A.K. Halliday used to control behavior through orders, commands, or instructions.

Interactional Function

A function of language defined by M.A.K. Halliday used to establish and maintain social relationships with others.

Personal Function

A function of language defined by M.A.K. Halliday used to express personal emotions, identity, and opinions.

Heuristic Function

A function of language defined by M.A.K. Halliday used to ask questions, investigate, and seek knowledge.

Imaginative Function

A function of language defined by M.A.K. Halliday used to create stories, play with language, and express creative ideas.

Informative (Representational) Function

A function of language defined by M.A.K. Halliday used to convey facts, information, or knowledge.

Virgilio S. Almario (2014)

A scholar who stated that a national language serves as a symbol of identity and unity that connects citizens of diverse languages and cultures.

Executive Order No. 210 (EO 210)

An order signed by former President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo on May 17, 2003, establishing the policy to strengthen English as a second language within the educational system.

Dr. David Michael M. San Juan

Convenor of Tanggol Wika and Associate Professor at DLSU-Manila who initiated a petition on October 3, 2011, opposing the removal of Filipino departments under the K to 12 program.

CMO No. 20, Series of 2013

A memorandum issued by CHED on June 28, 2013, establishing core tertiary courses that excluded mandatory Filipino subjects.

Tanggol Wika

An organization formed on June 21, 2014, at DLSU-Manila by nearly 500 delegates to defend the Filipino language in tertiary education.

G.R. No. 217451

The Supreme Court case filed on April 15, 2015, by Tanggol Wika against President Benigno Simeon C. Aquino III and CHED, marking the first full petition written in the national language.

Tanggol Kasaysayan

An alliance formed on September 23, 2016, led by the PUP Department of Filipinology and Tanggol Wika, aiming to restore Philippine History in high school.

Article XIV, Section 6 of the 1987 Constitution

The constitutional provision stating that the national language of the Philippines is Filipino, and that it shall be developed and enriched based on existing Philippine and other languages.

Diyalekto (Dialect)

A permanent variety of a language determined by the geographical location or region of origin of the speakers.

Idyolek (Idiolect)

An individual's unique and personal manner of using language, influenced by age, personality, education, and background.

Rehistro (Register)

A temporary variety of language consisting of specialized vocabulary used within a specific profession, field, or activity.

Speech Community

A group of people who share common rules, conventions, and patterns in their usage of language.

Code Switching (Palit Koda)

The practice of alternating between two or more languages within a single conversation, such as Taglish.

Lexical Borrowing

The adoption of words from another language due to the absence of a direct or widely used local equivalent.

Elaborated Code

A concept in Basil Bernstein's Code Theory describing explicit, detailed, and complete sentence structures used in formal academic or professional settings.

Restricted Code

A concept in Basil Bernstein's Code Theory describing short, simple, and condensed expressions typically used among close friends and family.

Theory of Variability

William Labov's theory positing that all language varieties are systematic and rule-governed, and that no variety is inherently superior or inferior.

Linguistic Convergence

A process in Communication Accommodation Theory where a speaker adjusts their speech style to match that of their listener to facilitate understanding and show solidarity.

Linguistic Divergence

A process in Communication Accommodation Theory where a speaker intentionally maintains their distinct speech style to emphasize their identity, profession, or group affiliation.

Interference Phenomenon

The influence of a speaker's native or first language (L1) on their pronunciation, structure, or word choices when speaking a second language.

Interlanguage

A temporary linguistic system created in the mind of a learner while acquiring a second language.

Communicative Competence

The ability to select and use appropriate language based on the social context, listener, and situation.

Baybayin

An ancient pre-colonial abugida writing system used in Luzon and parts of Visayas where each consonant carries an inherent /a/ vowel sound.

Surat Mangyan

An indigenous script used by the Hanunuo and Buhid Mangyan groups in Oriental and Occidental Mindoro.

Ambahan

A traditional Mangyan poetic form written in Surat Mangyan, typically structured in seven-syllable lines containing life lessons and cultural values.