Quranic Arabic Chapter 1

Two types of sentences

Action sentences (verbal sentences) and is sentences (nominal sentences)

Action Sentence (verbal sentence)

sentences that contain an action e.g. I ate pie

Is sentence (nominal sentence)

Sentences that contain the word “is” or one of its variants and do not contain any action

Three parts of action sentences

The action, the doer, and the receiver

Requirements for action sentence to be complete

Every sentence must have an action and a doer. The receiver is integral but optional

Two parts of is sentences

Before is, after is

fragments

a string of words that can’t stand alone

five types of fragments

possessive, descriptive, pointing, sentence starter, TLDR

possessive fragments

shows a relationship of belonging between two or more things. noun + noun

descriptive

made up of a word that is being described and something describing it. noun + adjective

pointer

used to point at someone/something. pointer + noun

Sentence starters

certainly, that, as though, maybe, and if only/perhaps. sentence starter + noun

TLDR phrases

describe a time, location, direction, or relation. TLDR word + noun

هُوَ

he/it

هُم

they

انت

you

انتم

you all

هِيَ

she/it/they

هُنِّ

they (f)

انتِ

you (f)

اَنْتُنَ

you all (f)

انا

I

نحنُ

we

هما

both of them

انتما

both of you

ةُ/ةِ

he/it endings

هُم/هِم

they endings

كَ

you ending

كم

you all ending

ها

she/it/they ending

هُنَّ/هِنَّ

they (f)

كِ

you (f)

كُنَّ

you all (f)

يَ/نِي

I endings

نا

we ending

هُما/هِما

both of them

كما

both of you ending