Chem-1000 final prep

Theories are…

not provable because they may be disproved by the next experiment.

tera

10^12 grams

giga

10^9 grams

mega

10^6 grams

kilo

10³ grams

deci

10^-1 grams

centi

10^-2 grams

mili

10^-3 grams

micro

10^-6 grams

nano

10^-9 grams

pico

10^-12 grams

femto

10^-15 grams

1 liter

0.001 cubic meters

1 liter equals

1 cubic decimeter

1 liter equals…

1,000,000 cubic milimeters

radioactive

materials that release energy or particles when their nuclei undergo reactions.

Nuclear fission

The splitting of the atom’s nucleus.

Neutrons are designated with..

^1₀N

Radioactive decay

the process by which certain isotopes give off energetic products

Alpha decay

A type of radioactive decay in which alpha particles are emitted

Alpha decay example

_108²⁷³HS —> _106²⁶⁹Sg+^4₂a

Beta decay

A type of radioactive decay in which beta particles are emitted/ electrons and positrons are emitted.

example of beta decay

gamma radiation

A very high energy form of type of electromagnetic radiation

gamma radiation example

Combustion of methane

CH₄+2O₂+ energy

Typical nuclear reactor

critical mass

the minimum amount of fissionable material necessary to SUSTAIN a chain reaction

Fission bomb

Radon gas….

is a natural form of radiation.

radon gas decays….

to produce an

alpha particle and gamma radiation

Radioactive tracer

tracers prodcue gamma radiation and beta particles

alpha particles are…

dangerous because they can cause irreversible local damage

Technetium-99..

is a radioactive tracer. A camera scans the body and detects gamma radiation

iodine 131 is…

A radioactive tracer. administered to patients in the form of radioactive sodium iodide and is useful for monitoring a patient with suspected thyroid disease.

1 sivert =…

100 rem.

the average person is…

exposed to 0.3 rem every year

symptoms of radiation sickness begin..

at doses of 25 rem.