Bridging the Gap

He was a German monk who wrote the “95 theses” and posted it on the door of the church. In 1522 he organized a new branch of Christianity that became known as Lutherism. He refused to take back his arguments so he was excommunicated by Pope Leo X and declared an outlaw.

Martin Luther

He started the printing revolution in 1456 when he printed a Bible using the printing press.

Gutenberg

Europe was recovering from the Dark Ages and the Plague. HUMANISM.

What is the purpose/meaning of the Renaissance.

Rebirth

Renaissance means…

The plague began in Issyk-kul and spread through the travel of wagons. The plague began by fleas vomiting into the blood stream, and the fleas are on the black rats. As the plague spread it became airborne and wiped out 60% of Sienna, Italy. They put the dead bodies in the Rome river, and then the disease infected the water.

Bubonic plague

Location, region, place, movement, and human environmental interactions.

5 themes of geography

Political reasons, economic reasons, and religious reasons.

Reasons for exploration (P-E-R)

Portugal- spices, England- colonization, France- trade, and Spain- Funding for expeditions

Reasons for exploration (Countries-colonies-world)

Mary was a devout Catholic who reversed the protestant reforms and restored England’s relations with the Pope and the church. When Mary died Elizabeth became queen and re-established England as a Protestant kingdom.

Mary and Elizabeth I

He stood firmly against reformation and was given the title, “defender of the faith” by the Pope. He wanted to cancel his marriage but was refused by the Pope, so he appointed a new Archbishop who annulled the marriage.

Henry VIII

In 1534 ______ passed the Act of Supremacy which made him the head of the Church of England instead of the Pope.

Henry VIII

They were pardons for sins committed. People paid for them and were granted forgiveness and the ability to go to heaven.

Indulgences

To correct perceived abuses and corruption within the Roman Catholic Church, leading to a fundamental shift in Western Christianity.

Purpose/meaning

He was an adventurer. He could be described as kind because he inspired freedom and new beginnings, but he also could be described as cruel and controlling because he took natives prisoner and killed people who didn’t bring him enough gold.

Christopher Columbus