Chemistry Test - Bonding and Nomenclature

Mixture

2 or more kinds of particles

Pure substance

only one kind of particle

compound

only one kind of molecule

homogeneous mixture

looks the same throughout

heterogeneous micture

can see the different parts

element

only one kind of atom

covalent bond

when atoms share a pair of valence electrons

ionic compound

cation(1st) + anion(2nd)

ionic bond

positive and negative charge attraction

ternary ionic

cation(+) and anion(-)

one or both ions must be a polyatomic ion

acid

a special kind of ionic compound

ionic bond(acid)

H+1 is ALWAYS the positive cation

binary ionic

metal(+) and non-metal(-)

cation(1st)+ anion(2nd)

-ide ending

when a monatomic ion has a negative charge its ending is…

(+) cations

metals always make…

Zn+2

Zinc only makes the ion

Ag+1

Silver only makes the ion

tin

main group element that can make multiple ions

lead

main group element that can make multiple ions

• second element must have an -ide ending

• do not use mono- prefix for the first element

2 rules for naming binary molecular/covalent compounds

2 elements: non-metal+non-metal

binary molecular compound

ammonium(only positive polyatomic cation

NH4+1

cyanide(one of the 2 only polyatomic anions that end with -ide)

CN-1

hydroxide(one of the 2 only polyatomic anions that end with -ide)

OH-1

binary or ternary

acids can be either…

stem+-ide

hydro+stem+ic then, acid

Rule 1

stem+-ite

stem+ous then acid

Rule 2

stem+-ate

stem+ic then acid

Rule 3

“Sea of Electrons”

-moving eke

metallic bond

Nonpolar Covalent Intermolecular Force

IMF: Wan der Waal’s Forces

Strength: Weakest

Polar Covalent Intermolecular Force

IMF: H-Bonding

Strength: less weak

Ionic Intermolecular Force

IMF: (+,- attract)

Strength: Stronger

Metallic Intermolecular Force

IMF: metallic, sea of electrons

Strength: strongest

Binary Ionic

recognizing names: (-ide) metal + non-metal

recognizing formulas: metal + non-metal

Ternary ionic

recognizing name: -ite/-ate(ammonium, cyanide, hydroxide)

recognizing formulas: 3 or more elements

binary molecular

recognizing names: (-ide) nonmetal + nonmetal; prefixes

recognizing formulas: nonmetal + nonmetal

acids

recognizing names: “acid”

recognizing formulas: starts with H