Transfusion Reactions (ASCPi)

• AHTR

• FNHTR

• Allergic Transfusion Reaction

• Anaphylactic Transfusion Reaction

• TRALI (NCPE)

Transfusion reactions that are Immediate-Immunologic

• Transfusion-Associated Sepsis

• TACO

• Physical/Chemical Hemolysis

Transfusion reactions that are Immediate Non-Immunologic

• Hemosiderosis

• Disease transmission

Transfusion reactions that are Delayed Non-Immunogenic

Clinically significant antibody reacting at 37°C

Acute Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction is due to:

Red cell destruction (intra/extravascular hemolysis)

Acute Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction will result to:

• Fever

• Chills

• Flushing

• Nausea

• Dyspnea

• Chest pain

• Flank pain

• Hypotension

• Shock

• Hemoglobinemia

• Hemoglobinuria

• DIC

• Renal failure

Signs and symptoms of AHTR

• Adequate renal perfusion

• Induce diuresis

• Treat shock and manage DIC

Management of AHTR includes:

FNHTR

This transfusion reaction is due to patient’s anti-leukocyte antibody

Administering antipyretics

Management of FNHTR is done by:

Allergic Transfusion Reaction

This transfusion reaction is due to patient’s anti-plasma protein antibody

Administering antihistamine while blood flow is slowed or stopped

Management of Allergic Transfusion Reaction is done by:

Washing RBCs

Prevention of Allergic and Anaphylactic Transfusion reactions is done by:

Anaphylactic Transfusion Reaction

Type of transfusion reaction that caused by patient’s anti-IgA

• Epinephrine

• IV corticosteroids

• O2 therapy

Treatment for Anaphylactic transfusion reactions are done by administering:

Leukoagglutinins

TRALI is caused by:

Leukoreduced RBCs

Prevention of TRALI (NCPE) is done by using:

• Transient bacteremia in asymptomatic donors

• Contamination of collecting equipment

What are the principal causes of transfusion-associated sepsis?

• Psychrophilic bacteria

• Yersinia enterocolitica

• Pseudomonas spp.

Common bacteria isolated in transfusion-associated sepsis

Yersinia enterocolitica

What is the MOST COMMON bacteria isolated in transfusion-associated sepsis?

Transfusion- Associated Respiratory Overload (TACO)

Which transfusion reaction is associated with rapid infusion of large volumes of blood products?

Diuretics

What should be administered to patients experiencing TACO?

TA-GVHD

Type of transfusion reaction that occurs when certain susceptible recipients with compromised immune systems are transfused with blood or blood component containing immunocompetent lymphocytes

Cesium 137 or Cobalt 60

Prevention of TA-GVHD is done by irradiation using:

Deferoxamine

Treatment for hemosiderosis is done by administering: