Electron Configuration

Aufbau principle

Electrons occupy the lowest energy levels first.

Hund’s rule

One electron must occupy each orbital in a sublevel before a second electron occupies an orbital

Pauli exclusion principle

Each orbital contains up to 2 electrons. If an orbital contains 2 electrons, they must have opposite spin.

an orbital

A “fuzzy cloud” around the nucleus of an atom where an electron is likely to be found is called

Pauli exclusion principle

The statement that “if two electrons are in the same orbital they must have opposite spins” is called the

Aufbau Principle

The following electron configuration (1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10) breaks which of the following rules?

valence

The electrons found in the highest principal energy level or outermost energy level for an atom are called the _____ electrons. These electrons are involved in forming chemical bonds to other elements.

s

The sublevel with the lowest energy at any energy level is the

one

How many orbitals will be empty in a d-sublevel if there are four electrons in it?

true

The noble gas Argon does not react with other elements because it has a filled outermost s and p sublevel which makes it very low energy and stable.

valence electrons

which electrons are represented by dots in an electron-dot structure

ground state

When electrons are in their lowest energy state, which means an atom has the lowest energy state?

noble gases

These are the groups of family located in the periodic table with a. full valence shells, consisted of 8 electrons (and the exception of one 2 electrons)

s and p sublevels

Which 2 energy sublevels consist of the valence electron shell of 8 electrons?

5s

Which subshell is filled after 4p?

4f

Which subshell is filled after 6s?

energy level

1st quantum

Energy sublevels

2nd quantum

orbitals

3rd quantum

spin of the electrons

4th quantum

1

how many orbitals are in s?

7

how many orbitals are in f?

4d

Which orbital has the highest energy?

5s

Which of the following energy level-sublevel is the outermost shell (or furthest from

the nucleus) of the atom?

the spin of the electron

What does the arrow of the orbital notation represent?

atomic mass

Mendeleev incorrectly attempted to organize the chemical elements based on their properties on their increasing ______ in the first periodic table.

periods

the horizontals rows are called

groups

vertical columns are called

semi-metals (or metalloids).

The elements that border the stair step line in the periodic table are

2 to 1

An excited electron of hydrogen emits the least energy when it drops from quantum levels

orbitals

Bohr postulated that electrons could only exist in certain paths around

the nucleus when he termed

the farther it is from the nucleus

According to Bohr, the more energy the electron possesses,

electrons falling to lower energy levels

Spectral lines of the elements are caused by

8

The outermost shell of any atom can hold a maximum of

4

The number of sublevels in the fifth principal energy level is

32

The maximum number of electrons in the fourth principal energy level is

dumbbell shaped

A p orbital is

2s

The sublevel of lowest energy is

electrons

The particles that are most intimately involved in chemical reactions are