AP World History Notes Period 1

Image 1 best illustrates which of the following features of the Chinese economy in the period 1200 to 1450?
A. Technological innovations increased agricultural yields

B. The government sponsored land reforms.

C. Confucian policies guided the way agrarian labor was performed
D. Improvements in manufacturing techniques resulted in increased handicraft production.

A. Technological innovations increased agricultural yields

Which of the following most likely explains why the scroll was copied for a new audience in the 1350s?

C. Mongols adopted and spread technological innovations from regions within their empire.

The activity depicted in Image 2 best illustrates which of the following characteristics of China’s economy before 1450?
A. The influence of Confucian labor policies

B. The impact of innovations borrowed from surrounding states
C. The reliance on systems of peasant labor
D. The dependence on trade along the Silk Roads

C. The reliance on systems of peasant labor

Which of the following best describes how European labor systems before 1450 differed from the Chinese labor system depicted in the two images?
A. European labor systems did not rely as much on women and children
B. European labor systems placed a greater emphasis on plantation cash crops.

C. European labor systems were dominated by urban artisans.

D. European labor systems were more likely to utilize serfdom.

D. European labor systems were more likely to utilize serfdom.

The act of the countess of Bearn in the image in most closely identified with which of following political systems?
A. Manorialism
B. Serfdom
C. Monasticism
D. Feudalism

D. Feudalism

The image most directly illustrates which of the following features of the political development of medieval Europe?

A. Its bureaucratization, as European rules developed sophisticated systems of record keeping to strengthen their authority.
B. Its decentralization, as European rulers frequently delegated authority to local subordinates

C. Its reliance on Roman traditions, as EUropean rulers used ancient customs to demonstrate their legitimacy.

D. Its ethnic and cultural diversity, as European rulers granted ethnic and religious groups the right to use their own laws and traditions.

B. Its decentralization, as European rulers frequently delegated authority to local subordinates

In Europe, political relationships of the type depicted in the image emerged most directly on account of which of the following developments?
A. Local elites’ need for military protection from more powerful lords
B. Local elites’ desire to expand the commercial power of local towns

C. Local elites’ need for military assistance to eliminate religious heresies

D. Local elites’ desire to attract new settlers to their territories

A. Local elites’ need for military protection from more powerful lords

WHich of the following best describes a way in which the table illustrates how the spread of rice cultivation contributed to changing the total amount of land devoted to the production of agricultural crops in China, India, and the Middle East between 1200 and 1300?

A. The total amount of land devoted to the production of agricultural crops declined in China and the Middle East but rose in India.

B. The total amount of land devoted to the production of agricultural crops declined more substantially in India than it did in the Middle East and China.
C. The total amount of land devoted to the production of agricultural crops declined in all three regions.

D. The total amount of land devoted to the production of agricultural crops increased in every region except China.

C. The total amount of land devoted to the production of agricultural crops declined in all three regions.

Which of the following best describes a way in which the table illustrates how an emphasis on wheat cultivation in Europe affected the total amount of land devoted to the production of agricultural crops there compared with the rice-producing regions of China and India between 1200 and 1300?

A. The total amount of land devoted to the production of agricultural crops in Europe increased at the same rate that the total amount of land devoted to agricultural crops in China and India declined.

B. The total amount of land devoted to the production of agricultural crops in CHina, India, and Europe remained relatively stable.

C. The total amount of land devoted to the production of agricultural crops declined in all three regions

D. The total amount of land devoted to the production of agricultural crops increased considerably, in Europe and declined in China and India.

D. The total amount of land devoted to the production of agricultural crops increased considerably, in Europe and declined in China and India.

Which of the following best describes how the table illustrates the effect of the spread of the bubonic plague on the total amount of land devoted to the production of agricultural crops in Europe and the Middle East between 1300 and 1400?

A. The total amount of land devoted to the production of agricultural crops did not change significantly in either region.

B. The total amount of land devoted to the production of agricultural crops decreased more substantially in the Middle East than in Europe.

C. The total amount of land devoted to the production of agricultural crops declined substantially in Europe and slightly in the Middle East.
D. The total amount of land devoted to the production of agricultural crops increased slightly in the Middle East and in Europe.

C. The total amount of land devoted to the production of agricultural crops declined substantially in Europe and slightly in the Middle East.

WHich of the following pieces of evidence most strongly supports the author’s arguments about the quality of the highways described in the passage?

A. They were built by men with tools.

B. They were very broad and some extended across the entire kingdom.

C. There were many roads throughout the kingdom.

D. Their construction was supervised by government officials.

B. They were very broad and some extended across the entire kingdom.

Which of the following pieces of evidence doe sthe author most directly use to support his argument about the king of Spain following the Inca method of highway construction?
A. The Inca rulers constructed roads to help complete conquests.

B. The Inca rulers only had to command their officials to construct a highway, and it was completed quickly.
C. The Inca rulers clearly marked their kingdom with boundaries.

D. The Inca rulers could acquire specialized tools to cut through mountains.

B. The Inca rulers only had to command their officials to construct a highway, and it was completed quickly.

Which of the following pieces of evidence does the author use to support his argument about the pride of Inca rulers in the 2nd paragraph?
A. Inca rulers followed the method of dynastic succession for passing political authority from one ruler to another

B. Inca rulers performed religious ceremonies to bless the highways and those who traveled on them.

C. Inca rulers had officials assign men from the provinces to construct the highways

D. Inca rulers typically tried to construct bigger and broader highways than their predecessors if they wanted to undertake conquests.

D. Inca rulers typically tried to construct bigger and broader highways than their predecessors if they wanted to undertake conquests.

The example of an ancient Arabia state that traded extensively and controlled territories on the East African coast can best be used as evidence of
A. the contributions of East Africa to the development of Eurasian religions

B. the long-term continuities in state building in coastal East Africa

C. the importance of the East African coast in the development of African national identities

D. the technological and logistical challenges faced by Eurasian merchants trying to reach the East African coast.

B. the long-term continuities in state building in coastal East Africa

The interregional connections of states such as those on the East African coast can best be used as an illustration of the continued importance of which of the following?
A. International diplomacy

B. Polytheistic religions

C. Long-distance trade

D. Patriarchal gender norms

C. Long-distance trade

The coexistence of rulers and councils of elders in African states in the period circa 1200-1450 best demonstrates
A. an attempt to imitate the feudal governments of European states and East Asian empires

B. The influence of indigenous African political practices

C. An adaptation to the climatic conditions of the East African coast

D. A reflection of the hardships and uncertainties faced by Muslim scarborne traders.

B. The influence of indigenous African political practices

The purpose of Ibn Battuta’s account was most likely to
A. glorify himself by exaggerating the influence he had obtained over local rulers in Southeast Asia

B. warn Muslim merchants that China was beginning to dominate commerce in the Indian Ocean

C. encourage fellow Muslims in North Africa to participate more in maritime commerce

D. inform his audience about the cultural, political, and economic characteristics of the places he visited

D. inform his audience about the cultural, political, and economic characteristics of the places he visited

Based on Ibn Battuta’s description of the sultan of Sumatra in the first paragraph, his point of view could more likely be characterized as that of a 
A. Sunni Muslim merchant who believes that commercial profits should be given greater consideration than religious purity.

B. Sufi Muslim mystic who believes that Muslim rulers should encourage religious coexistence

C. Shi’a Muslim cleric who believes that false interpretation of Islam have corrupted the religion

D. Sunni Muslim jurist who believes that a Muslim ruler should patronize the religious

D. Sunni Muslim jurist who believes that a Muslim ruler should patronize the religious

Ibn Buttuta’s claim in the 2nd parsgraph that the ceremony that he observed at the court of the sultan of Sumatra was similar to a ceremony that he had seen at the court of the Delhi sultan in India is most likely understood in the context of which of the following developments in the Indian Ocean region in the period 1200-1450?
A. Expanding trade facilitated increased tolerance of the traditions of other religious groups.

B. Cultural exchange emerged from competition among maritime empires.

C. Increasing cross-cultural interaction facilitated the spread of cultural traditions.

D. Cultural exchange emerged from now patterns of regional commerce.

C. Increasing cross-cultural interaction facilitated the spread of cultural traditions.

Which of the following best explains the continuity in the trade routes between East Africa, the Arabian Peninsula, and India as shown on the map?
A. Trade along the routes depended on the activities of Chinese merchants.

B. trade along the routes relied on sailors’ knowledge of the monsoon winds.

C. Trade along the routes depended on silver from the Americas.

D. Trade along the routes relied on sailors’ knowledge of longitude from classical maps.

B. trade along the routes relied on sailors’ knowledge of the monsoon winds.