COMM RESEARCH FINAL

Social Reformers or those who seek to improve society probably best fit the___ paradigm.

critical

_____argues from the SPECIFIC to the GENERAL; ___argues from the GENERAL to the SPECIFIC

Induction; deduction

Statistical power varies in part because of how variable measurement is performed. Which of these levels of variable measurement implies an order of magnitude among response categories but not equal units of distance between these categories?

ordinal

Which of these would not be associated with CA (Conversation Analysis)?

genre criticism

Which of these is not a warrant in the discovery paradigm?

control

All of these are useful steps to take before a focus group begins, except:

deep-knee bends

Which of these approaches is not a structural critical one?

Buddhism

The point of having ethics in research endeavors is to____

gain knowledge for the public good without harming anybody

A paradigm is____

a philosophical term that acts as an umbrella for multiple theories

What is a null hypothesis?

It’s the logical opposite of a research hypothesis. By disproving the null, you confirm the research hypothesis in a sort of double-negative way.

A time series design is a type of____

quasi-experiment

If research is a persuasive activity, what about it makes it persuadable?

It relies on claims, data and warrants

When gathering data in a survey, the person from whom the data is collected is known as a____

respondent

What are invention, organization, style, delivery and memory?

the canons of rhetoric

Who leads the discussion in a focus group?

a moderator

What separates true experimental designs from pre-experimental or quasi-experimental designs?

randomization of subjects

Which of these is a likely form of an observational study report?

a case study

What problem does a survey researcher face when asking behavior questions?

Truthfulness, some people lie.

Which of the following would NOT be part of ethnographic methods?

experiments

In critical paradigm research, degrees of impact is a warrant.

True

The central premise justifying the use of critical methods is that they liberate us from___

an oppressive reality

Act, agent, agency, scene and motive are components of___

dramatism

One uses a____ to translate questionnaire responses into numerical values to use in SPSS.

codebook

A distinguishing characteristic of ethical research is that it uses___.

informed consent

In the posttest-only control group design, what are researchers controlling for?

the influence of a pretest

What is the nature of reality to a researcher working in the discovery paradigm?

There is a knowable reality that can be discovered

The theory that language determines thought—that one cannot think of something until a term is devised to describe that something—is known as___

Sapir-Whorf

Data measured at the nominal level have less statistical power than do data measured at the interval level.

true

Which of these is not a type of internal validity?

Parsimony

If researcher credibility is an important interpretive paradigm warrant, how is it established?

Through training and experience, faithfulness and degree of membership

The SPSS procedure used for univariate analysis is___

FREQUENCIES

Theories evolve through three stages:

Explanation, prediction, control

Which of these would not constitute evidence in an interpretive study?

randomly sampled survey recipients

“I saw you i the tavern last night arguing loudly with the defendant when you hauled off and slugged him. Isn’t that right?” would be an example of____

a leading question

What is the difference between academic research and proprietary research?

Academic research: released to the general public; proprietary research is not

What’s the preferred minimum response rate for a survey?

70%

A___ can be either positive or negative with values ranging from -1.00 +1.00

correlation test

Which of these is not a kind of interpretive rhetorical methodology?

surveys

Knowing by discovery is another term of the authors for____

quantitative analysis

How does a researcher defeat order effects?

Vary the responses, asking some questions negatively to be sure people aren't responding automatically

The chi-square test is a test of____

differences

Epistemology asks the question of how you are able to know whatever you know. Which of these "ways of knowing" (or epistemological methods) sees truth as something received from experts, whether
scientific or not?

The method of authority

Validity refers to___ in variable measurement, while reliability refers to the___ of it.

correctness or “truth”; consistency

Which of these would NOT be a step in purely observational study?

Joining the subjects in their behaviors

___are two part conversational structures where the first turn requires a second turn.

adjacency pairs

True experimental designs include which of these?

solomon four-group design

The___ is one of the main warrants of a CA (Conversation Analysis).

faithfulness of the transcription

DA (Discourse Analysis) data can exist on at least three levels. What are they

micro-level, mezzo-level, macro-level

Which of these is not a characteristic of the scientific method?

mythology

(parsimony, empiricism, logical positivism)

In both structural and post-structured criticism, it is the___ that serves as at least one warrant.

researcher positionality

One of the following is not a suggestion to make better survey questions. Which?

Provide false explanations for each question as to wording, placement and so on.

If a warrant is a standard used by researchers to evaluate data, then these standards imply___ among those researchers.

shared values

Alone of all these methods, experiments allow us to establish____

true causality

What does an IRB do with regard to ethics?

They ensure compliance with ethical standards for projects they are asked to review.

The heart of the survey is its instrument, known as____

the questionnaire

One uses the claims-data-warrant model in order to present one’s research as___.

persuasive

Need you draw a random sample of content to analyze in a content analysis?

Yes, if the population is of any size at all

Research in the discovery paradigm would include which methods?

Surveys, experiments, content analyses

Which of the following is not a likely use of content analysis as a method?

comparing attitudes of freshmen and seniors toward college tuition

The word “ethnography” more or less translates to:

the writings (or practices) of the people