01 - What is Life?

prokaryote

cell or organism that does not have nuclei

eukaryote

organism with cells that have nuclei

Eukarya

Domain of life that includes all eukaryotes - animals, protists, fungi, and plants

Domain

one of the three major groups of Life

homeostasis

regulation of the internal environment

evolution

change in populations over time due to inherited differences

atom

fundamental unit of matter, composed of protons, electrons, and neutrons

molecule

two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds

biological macromolecule

large molecule, typically formed by the joining of smaller molecules

organelle

specialized subunit of the cell

organism

an individual living being

cell

the basic structural and functional unit of life

tissue

a group of cells that carry out similar or related functions

organ

a group of tissues that work together to perform a function

organ system

a group of organs that work together

population

group of organisms of the same species in the same area

community

all of the populations in an area

ecosystem

a community plus the nonliving components of the area

biosphere

all of the ecosystems on Earth

emergent property

a characteristic at a particular level of complexity that is not present in simpler levels

plasma membrane

phospholipid bilayer that separates the cell's internal content from its surrounding environment

ribosome

cellular structure that carries out protein synthesis

nucleic acid

biological macromolecule that stores and transmits information (DNA or RNA)