comp gov exam 2

ethnic group

a group of people who see themselves as united by one or more cultural attributes that give them a sense of a common shared history (ex. language, religion, race, culture, kin, common historical ties) Not political. Does not seek a country of their own and can be spread across many

primodialism

argues that our identities are deeply engrained in us and have their roots in long-held traditions. Hence, identity is very solid and unlikely to shift over time. genetic.

constructivism

argues that our identities are not deeply engrained, but shift and change over time. Identity is maleable and the boundaries of who counts as a member and who does not isn’t permanent. New ethnic groups can emerge and old can disappear. Ex. rohyinga of burma are new.

Instrumentalism

Ethnicity is constructed but also that elites can use ethnic identity to mobilize supporters for their own benefit. Can be activated by politician where previously identity was inert. Ex. Slobodan milosevic in serbia.

how governments play a role in identity

Celebrating civic holidays, public education, emphasis on shared cultural rituals

Nationalism

their group of people should have its own state that is an expression of the nation’s need to govern itself. Might have multiple ethnic groups. Legal and political ideal.

components of nationalism

Shared identity, self determination, shared fate

civic nationalism

membership in the national project is based on a commonly held set of political and civic beliefs. People are a part of the nation because they see collective value in the institutions of the state they live in. ex. France, USA. they believe in their nation’s civic principles

Cultural nationalism

membership in the project is based on common cultural characteristics. Those who don’t share such values cannot be a part of the nation. ex. Japan, Israel, and Germany. The nation is defined not so much by who CAN be a member but also by who CAN’T be a member.

Jus Soli

Citizenship is predicated upon residence in a national territory. Consistent with civic nationalism and indicates that the primary component of national citizenship is residence and adherence to the laws of the nation. PErson who accepts the primacy of the state’s laws, founding documents, and civic values and who meets the requirements of citizenship

Jus Sanguinis

the idea that citizenship is predicated upon a “blood tie” to the nation. A citizen is not merely a person who adheres to the laws and founding documents and meets legal requirements, but is deeply culturally connected to the nation-state, often by virtue of ethnic heritage. ex. Israel, Japan and China

What ethnic groups seek when they revolt

domination (want to be at the top), inclusion (want to be equal), autonomy (, independence (want their own nation)