[VOL 6] IELTS Reading Test 5 PASSAGE 2

constant

/ˈkɒnstənt/ (adj) hằng, không đổi; collocation: keep/hold + temperature constant; ví dụ: Movement helps calves keep body temperature constant.

blubber

/ˈblʌbə(r)/ (n) mỡ dày (động vật biển); collocation: blubber insulation, layers of blubber; ví dụ: Calves stay active until mass and blubber insulation develop.

insulation

/ˌɪnsjʊˈleɪʃn/ (n) lớp cách nhiệt/cách điện; collocation: thermal insulation, blubber insulation; ví dụ: Blubber provides insulation in cold water.

respiration

/ˌrespəˈreɪʃn/ (n) hô hấp; collocation: frequent respiration, respiration rate; ví dụ: Activity allows for frequent respiration in newborn orcas.

dormant

/ˈdɔːmənt/ (adj) ngủ yên, không hoạt động; collocation: dormant state/phase; ví dụ: Some scientists think fish enter a restful dormant state.

dictate

/dɪkˈteɪt/ (v) chi phối, quyết định; collocation: dictate sleep needs/patterns; ví dụ: Siegel says niche factors dictate how much animals sleep.

niche

/niːʃ/ hoặc /nɪtʃ/ (n) (sinh thái) ổ sinh thái; collocation: environmental niche, ecological niche; ví dụ: Sleep is shaped by an animal’s environmental niche.

economize

/ɪˈkɒnəmaɪz/ (v) tiết kiệm; collocation: economize on energy/time; ví dụ: Long bat rest helps economize on energy.

vigilantly

/ˈvɪdʒɪləntli/ (adv) cảnh giác; collocation: watch vigilantly, remain vigilantly awake; ví dụ: Dolphins keep half the brain vigilantly awake.

dozing

/ˈdəʊzɪŋ/ (n/adj) chợp mắt; collocation: dozing phase, dozing brain; ví dụ: The eye opposite the dozing brain hemisphere is closed.

hemisphere

/ˈhemɪsfɪə(r)/ (n) bán cầu (não/trái đất); collocation: right/left brain hemisphere; ví dụ: One hemisphere sleeps while the other stays alert.

vice versa

/ˌvaɪs ˈvɜːsə/ (adv) và ngược lại; collocation: A controls B and vice versa; ví dụ: Right hemisphere works the left eye and vice versa.

prerequisite

/ˌpriːˈrekwəzɪt/ (n) điều kiện tiên quyết; collocation: a prerequisite for sleep; ví dụ: Closed eyes seem a virtually universal prerequisite for sleep.

nocturnal

/nɒkˈtɜːnl/ (adj) hoạt động ban đêm; collocation: nocturnal habits/animals; ví dụ: The nucleus can reverse normal nocturnal habits of a rodent.

rodent

/ˈrəʊdnt/ (n) loài gặm nhấm; collocation: nocturnal rodent; ví dụ: It can make a rodent sleep at night if food is daytime-only.

drowsiness

/ˈdraʊzinəs/ (n) cơn buồn ngủ, trạng thái lơ mơ; collocation: phases of drowsiness, daytime drowsiness; ví dụ: Thrushes enter drowsiness with many micro-naps.