Master PNS EX2 study

CN VIII is a purely _____ nerve

sensory

What 2 nerves are the vestibulocochlear nerve composed of?

vestibular and cochlear

CN VIII carries _____ information for hearing and equilibrium

special sensory

Vestibular nerve terminates in the ______ complex

vestibular nuclear

CN VIII Nucleus of Origin

vestibular ganglion

What 4 parts is the vestibular nerve composed of?

1. superior

2. medial

3. lateral

4. inferior

The medial part of the vestibular nerve is also called _____

schwalbe

The lateral part of the vestibular nerve is also called ____

dieter

Which part of the vestibular nerve receives the most information?

medial

Cochlear nerve terminates in ____ cochlear nuclei

2 (anterior and posterior)

(TQ) The cochlear nerve is composed of axons from the ______

spiral ganglion

Cochlear nerve is made up of ______ neurons

bipolar

(TQ) Peripheral processes of the cochlear nerve extend from the spiral ganglion to the ______

organ of corti

(TQ) Axons from the bipolar neuron cell bodies terminate on 2 cochlear nuclei located on the ________ lateral to the vestibular nuclei

posterior, superior medulla oblongata

(TQ) From the cochlear nuclei, axons cross to the other side of the brainstem and synapse in the ______ from which axons form the lateral lemniscus

trapezoid nuclei

What 3 inner ear structures do the peripheral processes from the vestibular ganglion extend to?

1. saccule

2. utricle

3. semicircular canals

(TQ) Central processes from the vestibular ganglion convey information to the vestibular nuclei, located in the medulla oblongata on the _______

floor of the rhomboid fossa

(TQ) Most vestibular nerve fibers will terminate in the ______

medial vestibular nucleus (schwalbe)

Some fibers from the vestibular ganglion will travel directly to the cerebellum by way of the _______

inferior cerebellar peduncle

(TQ) Apparent Origin of Vestibulocochlear Nerve

cerebellopontine angle

What 2 nerves are located within the temporal bone?

cochlear and vestibular

The cochlear nerve carries ______ fibers

30-40,000

(TQ) After the cochlear nerve leaves the temporal bone it reaches the _______

spiral ganglion of the cochlea

Vestibular nerve carries ____ fibers

20,000

The smaller inferior branch of the vestibular nerve is composed of the _______ nerve and _____ nerve

saccular ; posterior ampullary

The large superior branch of the vestibular nerve is formed by the _____ and ______ nerves

lateral ; anterior ampullary

The superior branch of the vestibular nerve also sends a branch directly to the saccule, ______ nerve

Voit's

(TQ) Tinnitus

ringing in ears ; first sign of Meniere's Disease

What are the clinical considerations of CN VIII?

-acoustic neuroma

-tinnitus

-cochlear implants

-vestibular disease

CN IX carries ____, _____, and ______ fibers

motor ; sensory ; autonomic

CN IX is considered a _____ cranial nerve

mixed

CN IX provides motor innervation to the _____ muscle

stylopharyngeus

CN IX receives sensory information from the _____

pharynx

The glossopharyngeal nerve receives taste information from the ______

posterior tongue

General sensory of CN IX = ______, special sensory = _____, and visceral sensory = _______

pain ; taste ; parasympathetics

(TQ) Motor fibers carried in the glossopharyneal nerve arise from cell bodies located in the superior part of the _______

nucleus ambiguus

(TQ) _______ fibers arise from the inferior salivary nucleus

preganglionic parasympathetic

Afferent, sensory fibers terminate in the _______ nucleus

solitary

General sensory neurons have cell bodies located in the ________ ganglion

inferior

Glossopharyngeal Nucleus of Termination

spinal nucleus of trigeminal nerve

Taste information from the tongue posterior to the sulcus terminalis is carried by neurons from the _____ ganglion

inferior

(TQ) Axons from neurons carrying taste information for CN IX synapse in the ________

superior part of the solitary nucleus

(TQ) Taste information neurons for CN IX travel from _______ to _______

inferior ganglion ; superior solitary nucleus

Some incoming fibers from inferior ganglion (CN IX) synapse in the lower part of the solitary nucelus carry ______ information from the carotid sinus and carotid body

visceral afferent

(TQ) The nucleus ambiguus contributes LMNs to what 3 cranial nerves?

IX, X, XI

Axons from LMNs carried in IX will innervate the ______ muscle

stylopharyngeus

(TQ) The inferior salivary nucleus gives rise to _______ axons carried to the glossopharyngeal nerve

preganglionic parasympathetic

(TQ) Preganglionic parasympathetic fibers of CN IX will synapse in the _____

otic ganglion

(TQ) Postganglionic fibers of CN IX arise from the otic ganglion and supply what 3 glands?

1. parotid glands

2. buccal glands

3. inferior labial glands

CN IX Apparent Origin

lateral aspect of superior part of medulla oblongata

CN IX exits the skull via the _______

jugular foramen

Tympanic nerve arises from the ______

inferior ganglion

Tympanic nerve carries ______ fibers as well as sensory fibers

preganglionic parasympathetic

In the tympanic cavity, the nerve receives ______ fibers from the superior cervical ganglion and forms the tympanic plexus

postganglionic sympathetic

Tympanic plexus carries ______ (pain) information from the tympanic cavity, pharyngotympanic tube and mastoid air cells

somatosensory

(TQ) Preganglionic parasympathetic fibers pass through the tympanic plexus and reform as the ______ nerve, which travels through the lesser petrosal canal to the _______

lesser petrosal ; otic ganglion

Postganglionic sympathetic and sensory fibers end in the ______

tympanic plexus

Fibers from the tympanic plexus synapse in the ______

spinal nucleus of trigeminal

(TQ) The muscular branch of CN IX leaves the glossopharyngeal nerve to supply one muscle, the ______

stylopharyngeus

What are the 2 terminal branches of the muscular branch of CN IX?

1. tonsillar branch

2. lingual branch

Tonsillar branches convey _____ from the palatine tonsils and oral mucosa

sensory

(TQ) Lingual branches carry general sensory and taste information from the tongue, posterior to the _______

sulcus terminalis

Vagus nerve carries _____, _____, and _____ information including some taste information from the epiglotta region

motor ; parasympathetic ; sensory

CN X is considered a ____ cranial nerve

mixed

(TQ) True or False? The vagus nerve is the longest and most important parasympathetic nerve

true

Motor fibers carried in the vagus nerve have cell bodies located in the ______

nucleus ambiguus

(TQ) Nucleus ambiguus receives information from both ______

cerebral hemispheres

Preganglionic parasympathetic fibers arise from the ______ nucleus of the vagus

posterior

Incoming somatic sensory information terminates in the ______

spinal nucleus of trigeminal

Taste and viscerosensory information terminates in the ______

solitary nucleus

(TQ) Superior ganglion may also be called _____

jugular ganglion

(TQ) Inferior ganglion may be referred to as the ______

nodose ganglion

Taste from the epiglottis is carried to the superior part of the solitary nucelus by neurons located in the ______

inferior ganglion

Visceral sensory information is carried to the ______ part of the solitary nucleus by neurons located in the inferior ganglion

inferior

Apparent Origin of CN X

lateral aspect of medulla oblongata

Rootlets combine to form a trunk that gives off one branch before it exits the skull through the _____

jugular foramen

(TQ) A meningeal branch supplies the dura of the ________

posterior cranial fossa

A meningeal sheath only covers ___ and ___ only

CN X ; CN XI

(TQ) The _____ branch is given off at the superior ganglion

auricular

The auricular branch carries _____ information from the meatus and a small portion of the auricle

sensory

(TQ) Upon exiting the jugular foramen, the vagus nerve travels inferiorly within the carotid sheath, between the _____ and the _____

internal carotid artery ; internal jugular vein

(TQ) The vagus nerve travels between the internal jugular vein and comon carotid artery inferior to the ______

carotid bifurcation

What are the branches given off the neck from CN X?

1. pharyngeal branch

2. branches to carotid artery

3. superior laryngeal nerve

4. recurrent laryngeal nerve

5. superior/inferior cardiac branches

The pharyngeal branch leaves the vagus nerve at the level of the inferior ganglion, combines with fibers from CN IX and sympathetic fibers to form the ______

pharyngeal plexus

Vagal fibers provide motor supply to the _____ and ______

pharyngeal constrictor muscles ; levator veli palatine

Superior laryngeal nerve is given off just inferior to the inferior ganglion and divide into _____ and _____ laryngeal nerves

external ; internal

(TQ) External laryngeal nerve provides motor supply to the ______

cricothyroid muscle

Internal laryngeal nerve carries sensory information from everything ____ the vocal cords

above

(TQ) Recurrent laryngeal nerve supplies motor fibers to all muscles of the larynx except the _____

cricothyroid

Recurrent laryngeal carries sensory information from the larynx to everything ____ vocal folds

below

True or False? Recurrent laryngeal nerve follows a different path on each side

true

Left side comes off the vagus after the vagus passes in front of the _____

aortic arch

On the left side, the recurrent laryngeal nerve passes under the aortic arch and ascends, eventually becoming the ______ which supplies the laryngeal musculature

inferior laryngeal nerve

On the right side, recurrent laryngeal nerve passes posteriorly under the ______ before ascending

subclavian artery

Superior and inferior cardiac branches carry ______ information to the cardiac plexus

preganglionic parasympathetic

Superior cardiac branches leave the vagus nerve and travel with the great vessels to the _______

cardiac plexus

(TQ) Inferior cardiac branches are given off by the ______ nerves and travel to the cardiac plexus

recurrent laryngeal

Vagus nerve enter the thorax, pass posterior to the root of the ipsilateral lung and contribue to the _______

pulmonary plexus

(TQ) The right vagus nerve passes posteriorly and the left vagus nerve passes anteriorly over the esophagus contributing to the ________

esophageal plexus

The right vagus nerve enter the abdominal cavity through the esophageal opening and becomes the _______

posterior vagal trunk