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HIERARCHY OF NEEDS
a motivational theory in psychology comprising a five-tier model of human needs, often depicted as hierarchical levels within a pyramid.
Physiological needs
- these are biological requirements for human survival (air, food, drink, shelter, clothing, warmth, sex, sleep)
If these needs are not satisfied the human body cannot function optimally.
most important as all the other needs become secondary until these needs are met.
Safety needs
- These needs can be fulfilled by the family and society (police, schools, business and medical care).
For example: emotional security, financial security (employment, social welfare), law and order, freedom from fear, social stability, property, health and wellbeing (safety against accidents and injury).
Love and belongingness needs
- involves feelings of belongingness. The need for interpersonal relationships motivates behavior
Examples: friendship, intimacy, trust, and acceptance, receiving and giving affection and love. Affiliating, being part of a group (family, friends, work).
Esteem needs
are the fourth level in Maslow’s hierarchy - which Maslow classified into two categories: esteem for oneself (dignity, achievement, mastery, independence)
and desire for reputation or respect from others (e.g., status, prestige).
Maslow indicated that the need for respect or reputation is most important for children and adolescents and precedes real self-esteem or dignity.
Self-actualization needs
- highest level in Maslow's hierarchy, and refer to the realization of a person's potential, self-fulfillment, seeking personal growth and peak experiences.
the desire to accomplish everything that one can, to become the most that one can be.
Interpersonal theory
Harry Stack Sullivan
