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NONVERBAL COMMUNICATION
Kinesics
Proxemics
Paralanguage
Chronemics
Haptics
KINESICS
Conscious or unconscious body movement that possess intended or unintended communicative value. (Poyatos, 2002)
PROXEMICS
How interpersonal space is perceived and managed.
PARALANGUAGE
Voices qualities and vocalizations that occur in language. (Filimowicz & Tzankova, 2020)
CHRONEMICS
How people perceive, structure, and react to time; use of time to communicate.
HAPTICS
The analysis is touch in communication.
VERBAL COMMUNICATION
Written Communication
Spoken Communication
WRITTEN COMMUNICATION
A more formal means of communication;
Has messages that are carefully drafted and formulated in text form.
SPOKEN COMMUNICATION
Use of vocally produced words; a soft skill that is used to accomplish everyday task. (Butterfield, 2010)
Types of Communication on the basis of the Flow of Information in an Organization
Horizontal
Vertical
Upward
Downward
Diagonal
HORIZONTAL COMMUNICATION
Exists among teams or members belonging to the same level or rank.
VERTICAL COMMUNICATION
Move communication up and down through a hierarchical organization. (Denton, 1991)
UPWARD COMMUNICATION
Communication flows from subordinate to superior.
DOWNWARD COMMUNICATION
Communication flows from superior to subordinate.
DIAGONAL COMMUNICATION
Interchange of messages among two managers located at different levels of hierarchy and outside direct chain of command. (Agarwal, 1982)
Types of Communication on the Basis of Organizational Relationship
Communication
Formal
Informal
FORMAL COMMUNICATION
Communication which follow the rules and policies like chain-of-command established by the management; it is used for the transmission of official messages within and outside an organization. (Tulsian & Pandey, 2008)
INFORMAL COMMUNICATION
Communication that follows the rule of behavior that are unconsciously learned through interactions within others. (Hamilton, 2008)