Chap 7: Lymphatic system

Human Biology

How does the lymphatic system help the circulatory system?

It collects excess fluid from tissues and returning it to bloodstream

How does the lymphatic system help out the immune system?

filtering pathogens from lymph fluid and transports immune checks to infection areas

What blood vessel is the most similar to lymphatic vessels?

Veins

How do lymph nodes work and what do they accomplish?

They send lymph fluid through nodes throughout the body and it removes harmful substances 

Innate immune system

Always on, generally protect any pathogen, and has no memory

Adaptive immune system

Has to be activated, targeted protection any pathogen, and produces memory of infection

What causes the redness, swelling, heat, and pain associated with inflammation?

Increased blood flow to the damage/breached area

How does the antibody mediated pathway work?

B cells recognize a specific antigen, macrophage will come and kill bacteria, produce lots more of the specific B cell, then secrete specific antibodies into bloodstream

How does the cellular mediated pathway work?

Have an infected cell display the pathogens antigen on the MHC complex, T cells will recognize when MHC complex has an antigen present and undergo clonal expansion, then spreads helper and cytotoxic T cells

Is the antibody or cellular pathway better at detecting infected host cells?

Cellular because it’s designed to detect and destroy cells that have already been compromised by internal threat(virus)

Active immunity

Occurs when immune system produces antibodies, required pathogen exposure, and long-lasting

Passive immunity

Occurs when receives antibodies from another source, not required pathogen exposure, and short-lived

Allergies

Targets harmless external substances, external antigen, and temporary damage

Autoimmune disorders

Attacks body tissue and organs, internal antigen, and permanent damage

Compare allergies and autoimmune disorders

Both caused by an immune system, have genetic links, and influenced by environmental factors