PSYCHOMETRICS 2 (PROFILE WRITING) - PRELIMS

SUPERIOR / VERY SUPERIOR

Highly, strongly, marked, without much difficulty

ABOVE AVERAGE

Considerably, above par

HIGH AVERAGE

Reasonably

MIDDLE AVERAGE

Moderately, adequately, sufficiently, enough, at par, within par, average

LOW AVERAGE

To some extent, somehow

BELOW AVERAGE

Below par, insufficient, inadequate, lacking in, wanting in

LOW / VERY LOW

Highly insufficient, sorely lacking

Artistic (ART)

Creative expression of ideas and feelings. May be satisfied by a variety of activities including writing or editing; performing music, drama, or dance; painting or sculpting; or modeling clothes

Scientific (SCI)

Indicates an interest in doing scientific research, and developing theories and scientific applications. May be satisfied by working with scientific equipment in a laboratory, by exploring new medical treatments to improve the health of humans and animals, by developing new knowledge in mathematics or physics, or by discovering new facts about the earth or the universe

Nature (NAT)

interest in working with plants and animals in an outdoor setting. You may satisfy this interest by working in farming. You may enjoy physical work outdoors or may enjoy managing a farm or related business and services

Protective (PRO)

interest in using legal authority to protect people and property. People with high scores may enjoy work in law enforcement or firefighting, or in leadership and management positions in protective service organizations

Mechanical (MEC)

indicates an interest in applying mechanical principles to practical situations involving the use of tools and machines. Jobs that satisfy this interest include engineering and related technical-scientific work, operating and maintaining mechanical equipment in a factory or laboratory

Industrial (IND)

interest in repetitive, regular work activities in a factory setting. Jobs that satisfy this interest include inspecting, sorting, and weighing manufactured goods. Machine setup and operation or supervision of other workers might also be involved.

Business Detail (BUS)

may enjoy office work. This interest may be satisfied by working as an office manager, bookkeeper, receptionist, or secretary or a variety of related job.

Selling (SEL)

interest in providing interest about a product and persuading others of its value and desirability. Jobs that satisfy this interest involve selling products or services in stores, offices, or customers’ homes.

Accommodating (ACC)

interest in providing services for the convenience and comfort of others. Hospitality services in airplanes, restaurants, and hotels, or hair and beauty care are examples of work that may satisfy this interest.

Humanitarian (HUM)

interest in helping people with problems of a physical, social, emotional, or religious nature. A job in counseling, nursing, physical therapy, or rehabilitation may satisfy an interest in this area.

Leading-Influencing (LEA)

interest in leading and influencing others by using verbal and numerical abilities. Jobs that may satisfy this interest include jobs in administration, finance, law, education, social research, or public relations.

Physical-Performing (PHY)

interest in performing physical activities before an audience. A job in professional sports as a player or official, or performing physical feats such as acrobatics, may satisfy this interest.

HYPOCHONDRIASIS

HIGH SCORER : Frequently concerned about being sick; complains regularly of peculiar pains or bodily dysfunctions; Discusses such topics frequently, revealing a preoccupation with such complaints

HYPOCHONDRIASIS

LOW SCORER : is without excessive bodily concern or preoccupation with physical complaints. Absenteeism due to ill health is likely to below average.

DEPRESSION

HIGH SCORER : Is inclined to be down-hearted and show extreme despondency (low spirits/discouragement); considers self to be inadequate; may be listless, remote, and preoccupied; looks at the future pessimistically

DEPRESSION

LOW SCORER : Reports a usual feeling of confidence, cheerfulness, and persistence, even when experiencing disappointment. Has an optimistic attitude about the future

DENIAL

HIGH SCORER : Lacks insight into feelings and the causes of own behavior. Avoids unpleasant, exciting or violent topics; relatively unresponsive emotionally

DENIAL

LOW SCORER : Accepts feelings as part of self. Not afraid to discuss unpleasant topics, can answer questions about self frankly; avoids impression management. Shows normal affection.

INTERPERSONAL PROBLEMS

HIGH SCORER : Is often extremely annoyed by life’s inconveniences, frustrations, or disappointments; will frequently be uncooperative, disobedient, and resistant when faced with rules and regulations; reacts against discipline and criticism

INTERPERSONAL PROBLEMS

LOW SCORER : Experiences less than average irritation from noise, changes in routine, disappointment, and mistakes of others; respects authority and prefers clearly defined rules and regulations; cooperates fully with leadership and readily accepts criticism from others.

ALIENATION

HIGH SCORER : Expresses attitudes markedly different from common social codes; is prone to deport from the truth and behave in an unethical and untrustworthy manner; feels little or no guilt

ALIENATION

LOW SCORER : Ordinarily displays ethical and socially responsible attitudes and behavior; reports a sense of obligation toward society and its laws

PERSECUTORY IDEAS

HIGH SCORER : Believes that certain people are hostile and are trying to make life difficult and unpleasant. Inclined to brood

PERSECUTORY IDEAS

LOW SCORER : Trusts people and does not feel threatened; Accepts responsibility for the events in life and does not attribute maliciousness to others

ANXIETY

HIGH SCORER : Easily scared. Little things, even an idea, can cause a frenzy of anxiety. Afraid of novelty and of the possibility of physical or interpersonal danger

ANXIETY

LOW SCORER : Remains calm and unruffled even when confronted with unexpected occurrences. Takes things as they come without fear or apprehension. Maintains self-control even in a crisis situation

THINKING DISORDER

HIGH SCORER : Is markedly confused, distractible, and disorganized. Cannot remember even simple things from day-to-day. Reports feeling that life is dreamlike, and that there is a marked difference between self and others

THINKING DISORDER

LOW SCORER : Has no difficulty distinguishing daydreams from reality. Is able to concentrate normally and to maintain sensible conversations.

IMPULSE EXPRESSION

HIGH SCORER : Lacks ability to think beyond the present and to consider the consequences of actions; is prone to undertake risky and reckless actions; inclines to behave irresponsibly; finds routine tasks boring.

IMPULSE EXPRESSION

LOW SCORER : Appears even-tempered and level-headed; carefully considers the future before acting; generally has the patience to cope with a lengthy and tedious task

SOCIAL INTROVERSION

HIGH SCORER : Avoids people generally. Has few friends and does not say much even to them. Seems to be uncomfortable when around others. Prefers asocial activities.

SOCIAL INTROVERSION

LOW SCORER : Enjoys company. Likes to talk and knows many people. Spends much time with others

SELF-DEPRECIATION

HIGH SCORER : Degrades self as worthless, unpleasant, and undeserving. Generally expresses a low opinion of self and refuses credit for any accomplishment.

SELF-DEPRECIATION

LOW SCORER : Manifests a high degree of self-assurance in dealings with others, not afraid to meet strangers; speaks with confidence about a variety of topics; believes in own ability to accomplish things.

DEVIATION

HIGH SCORER : Displays behavior patterns very different from most people’s. Admits to unusual and pathological characteristics.

DEVIATION

LOW SCORER : Generally shows behavior patterns similar to those of a majority of people. Tends to be free from unusual symptoms and modes of thought

NEUROTICISM

HIGH SCORERS : may be at risk for some kinds of psychiatric problems, but the scale should not be viewed as a measure of psychopathology. It is possible to obtain a high score on the scale without having any diagnosable psychiatric disorder. Conversely, not all psychiatric categories imply high levels of _ . For example, an individual may have an antisocial personality disorder without having an elevated _ score

NEUROTICISM

LOW SCORERS : are emotionally stable, usually calm, even tempered, and relaxed. They are able to face stressful situations without becoming upset or rattled

EXTRAVERSION

In addition to being sociable and liking people, they prefer large groups and gatherings. They are also assertive, active, and talkative. They like excitement and stimulation and tend to be cheerful in disposition. They are upbeat, energetic, and optimistic

EXTRAVERSION

LOW SCORERS : are reserved rather than unfriendly, independent rather than followers, and even-paced rather than sluggish. They may say they are shy when they mean they prefer to be alone. They do not necessarily suffer from social anxiety. Finally, although they are not given to the exuberant high spirits of extraverts, introverts are NOT unhappy or pessimistic

OPENNESS TO EXPERIENCE

active imagination, aesthetic sensitivity, attentiveness to inner feelings, preference for variety, intellectual curiosity, and independence of judgment – have often played a role in theories and measures of personality.

OPENNESS TO EXPERIENCE

HIGH SCORERS : are curious about both inner and outer worlds, and their lives are experientially richer than those of low scorers. They are willing to entertain novel ideas and unconventional values, and they experience both positive and negative emotions more keenly than low scorers

OPENNESS TO EXPERIENCE

LOW SCORERS : Men and women who score low on O tend to be conventional in behavior and conservative in outlook. They prefer the familiar to the novel, and their emotional responses are somewhat muted

AGREEABLENESS

HIGH SCORER : The agreeable person is fundamentally altruistic, sympathetic to others, and eager to help them, and believes that others will be equally helpful in return.

AGREEABLENESS

LOW  SCORER : low scorers are disagreeable or antagonistic people, are egocentric, skeptical of others’ intentions, and competitive rather than cooperative.

CONSCIENTIOUSNESS

HIGH SCORERS : are scrupulous, punctual, and reliable. Low scorers are not necessarily lacking in moral principles, but they are less exacting in applying them, just as they are less enthusiastic in working toward their goals.

CONSCIENTIOUSNESS

LOW SCORERS : There is some evidence that low scorers are more hedonistic and interested in sex than high scorers.

N1 : ANXIETY

Individuals are apprehensive, fearful, prone to worry, nervous, tense, and jittery.

N1 : ANXIETY

Low scorers are calm and relaxed, and they do not dwell on things that might go wrong

N2 : ANGRY HOSTILITY

represents the tendency to experience anger and related states such as frustration and bitterness. This scale measures the individual’s readiness to experience anger; whether anger is expressed depends on the individual’s level of Agreeableness.

N2 : ANGRY HOSTILITY

Low scorers are easy-going and slow to anger.

N3 : DEPRESSION

High scorers are prone to feelings of guilt, sadness, hopelessness, and loneliness. They are easily discouraged and often dejected.

N3 : DEPRESSION

Low scorers rarely experience such emotions, but they are not necessarily cheerful or lighthearted – characteristics associated with Extraversion

N4 : SELF-CONSCIOUSNESS

Self-conscious people are uncomfortable around others, sensitive to ridicule, and prone to feelings of inferiority. Self- consciousness is akin to shyness and social anxiety.

N4 : SELF-CONSCIOUSNESS

Low scorers do not necessarily have poise or good social skills, they are simply less disturbed by awkward social situations.

N5 : IMPULSIVENESS

This refers to the inability to control cravings and urges. Desires (e.g., food, cigarettes, possessions) are perceived as being so strong that the individual cannot resist them, although they may later regret the behavior

N5 : IMPULSIVENESS

Low scorers find it easier to resist such temptations and have a high tolerance for frustration.

N6 : VULNERABILITY

High scorers feel unable to cope with stress, become dependent, hopeless, or panicked when facing emergency situations.

N6 : VULNERABILITY

Low scorers perceive themselves as capable of handling themselves in difficult situations.

E1 : WARMTH

Are affectionate and friendly. They genuinely like people and easily form close attachments to others.

E1 : WARMTH

Low scorers are neither hostile nor necessarily lacking in compassion, but they are more formal, reserved, and distant in manner than high scorers

E2 : GREGARIOUSNESS

enjoy the company of others. Low scorers on this scale tend to be loners who do not seek – or who even actively avoid – social stimulation

E3 : ASSERTIVENESS

High scorers are dominant, forceful, and socially ascendant. They speak without hesitation and often become group leaders.

E3 : ASSERTIVENESS

Low scorers prefer to keep in the background and let others do the talking.

E4 : ACTIVITY

High scorers show rapid tempo and vigorous movement, a sense of energy, and a need to keep busy. They lead fast-paced lives.

E4 : ACTIVITY

Low scorers are more leisurely and relaxed in tempo, though they are not necessarily sluggish or lazy.

E5 : EXCITEMENT-SEEKING

High scorers crave excitement and stimulation. They like bright colors and noisy environments

E5 : EXCITEMENT-SEEKING

Low scorers feel a little need for thrills and prefer a lifestyle that high scorers might find boring.

E6 : POSITIVE EMOTIONS

High scorers tend to laugh easily and often. They are cheerful and optimistic.

E6 : POSITIVE EMOTIONS

Low scorers are not necessarily unhappy; they are merely less exuberant and high spirited. This is the facet of E most relevant to the prediction of happiness.

O1 : FANTASY

High scorers are open to fantasy, have a vivid imagination, and an active fantasy life. They daydream not as a means to escape, but as a way to create an interesting inner world for themselves.

O1 : FANTASY

Low scorers are more prosaic (i.e., more preoccupied with realistic, day-to-day concerns), and prefer to keep their minds on the task at hand.

O2 : AESTHETICS

High scorers have a deep appreciation for art and beauty. They are moved by poetry, absorbed in music, intrigued by art, and they often experience a chill in response to sudden beauty.

O2 : AESTHETICS

Low scorers are relatively insensitive to and uninterested in art and beauty.

O3 : FEELINGS

High scorers experience deeper and more differentiated emotional states and feel both happiness and unhappiness more keenly than others do.

O3 : FEELINGS

Low scorers have somewhat blunted affects, and do not believe the feeling states are of much importance.

O4 : ACTIONS

High scorers prefer novelty and variety to familiarity and routine. Over time, they may engage in a series of different hobbies.

O4 : ACTIONS

Low scorers find change difficult and prefer to stick with the tried and true

O5 : IDEAS

High scorers enjoy both philosophical arguments and brain teasers. They are characterized by intellectual curiosity, open- mindedness, and willingness to consider new, perhaps unconventional ideas

O5 : IDEAS

Low scorers have limited curiosity, and, if highly intelligent, narrowly focus their resources on limited topics.

O6 : VALUES

High scorers are ready to reexamine social, political, and religious values.

O6 : VALUES

Low scorers tend to accept authority and honor tradition, and as a consequence, are generally conservative.

A1 : TRUST

High scorers are disposed to believe that others are honest and well- intentioned.

A1 : TRUST

Low scorers tend to be cynical and skeptical, and to assume that others may be dishonest or dangerous

A2 : STRAIGHTFORWARDNESS

High scorers are frank, sincere, and ingenious

A2 : STRAIGHTFORWARDNESS

Low scorers are more willing to manipulate others through flattery, craftiness, or deception. They view these tactics as necessary social skills and may regard straightforward people as naive.

A3 : ALTRUISM

High scorers have an active concern for others’ welfare as shown in generosity, consideration of others, and a willingness to assist others in need of help.

A3 : ALTRUISM

Low scorers are somewhat self-centered and are reluctant to get involved in the problems of others

A4 : COMPLIANCE

High scorers tend to defer to others, inhibit aggression, and to forgive and forget. Compliant people are meek and mild.

A4 : COMPLIANCE

Low scorers are aggressive, prefer to compete rather than cooperate, and has no reluctance to express anger when necessary.

A5 : MODESTY

High scorers are humble and self-effacing, though they are not necessarily lacking in self-confidence or self-esteem.

A5 : MODESTY

Low scorers believe they are superior people and may be considered conceited or arrogant by others. A pathological lack of __ is part of the clinical conception of narcissism

A6 : TENDER-MINDEDNESS

High scorers are moved by others’ needs and emphasize the human side of social policies