Exam 3- Nursing Care of the High Risk Newborn

How are high risk newborns classified

according to birth weight, gestational age, and predominant physiologic problems

Extremely low birth weight

Birth weight is 1000 g or less

Late preterm infants

Born between 34-0/7 and 36-6/7 weeks Greater risk of complications or death prior to 1 year of age

Newborn corrected age

Corrected by adding gestational age and postnatal age

Preterm milestones are corrected until

age 2½

High risk infant susceptible to heat loss as

unable to increase metabolic rate and trans epidermal water loss is greater- can cause apnea

Oxygen therapy for newborn

Hood therapy, Nasal cannula,Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), Mechanical ventilation, Oscillator

Hood therapy

traps oxygen around baby

Oscillator

moving air very quickly to baby

Temp probe over liver

can tell warmer to keep baby at certain temp

Umbilical line

can put venous or art line for use for a short while

How often to rotate newborn oximeter site

Every 8 hours rotate

What else do you need to account for in newborn output

need to keep track of amount of blood drawn in mL

How to measure NG tube

Nose, earlobe, xiphoid process

Newborn developmental care

Positioning, reducing inappropriate stimuli, infant communication and stimulation, Kangaroo care

Infant communication

crying, yawning, put hand up, turning away

Kangaroo care

skin to skin contact

When do preterm babies usually go home

when they are close to when they would be full term

Number one infant admitting dx

respiratory distress syndrome

Complications associated with oxygen therapy

Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia

lungs are resistant to artificial o2

Postterm infants are at high risk for

Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) and Meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS)

MAS

thick meconium grabs the alveoli and sticks on doesn't allow to expand well