Biol 266 Kahoot: Cell Signaling -- 1

Cortisol is a hormone released by the adrenal gland that causes the liver to release stored glucose. This is:

Juxtacrine signaling

Paracrine signaling

Autocrine signaling

Endocrine signaling

Endocrine signaling

How are these cells communicating?

Juxtacrine signaling

Paracrine signaling

Autocrine signaling

Endocrine signaling

Juxtacrine signaling

Which statement about cell signaling is correct?

All cell types are able to respond to the same set of signal molecules.

Each receptor triggers one particular type of cell behavior, e.g. migration

Each type of signal molecule induces the same response in all target cells.

Each receptor is generally activated by only one type of signal molecule.

Each receptor is generally activated by only one type of signal molecule.

Under what condition will a target cell always respond quickly to an extracellular signal?

The signal molecule is small.

The response relies on second messengers.

The response does not require changes in gene expression.

The signal molecule is present in high concentrations.

The response does not require changes in gene expression.

Which molecule performs the first signal transduction step in cell signaling?

Scaffold protein

Receptor

Extracellular signal molecule

Intracellular GEF

Receptor

What is true of the GTP-binding proteins that act as molecular switches inside cells?

They are active only in their trimeric forms.

They turn themselves on by phosphorylating GDP to form GTP.

They are active when GTP is bound.

They turn themselves on by hydrolyzing GTP to form GDP.

They are active when GTP is bound.

Which response to GPCR stimulation would be most rapid?

Activation of a G protein that activates adenylyl cyclase.

Activation of a G protein that inhibits adenylyl cyclase.

Activation of a G protein that regulates the opening of an ion channel.

Activation of a G protein that activates a transcription factor.

Activation of a G protein that regulates the opening of an ion channel.

How can the same receptor on two different cells produce two different responses?

Each receptor binds a different ligand.

Each cell expresses different intracellular signaling proteins.

Two different cells cannot express the exact same receptor.

The same receptor can be either intracellular or at the cell surface.

Each cell expresses different intracellular signaling proteins.