USHISTORY FINAL AAAAHH

buckle up your bootstraps

what two geographic features protect and isolate the US geographycally today.

The Atlantic and Pacific ocean

this was the political border established by the British during colonial rule

proclamation line of 1763

this was the geographic border of the U.S. during British rule

Appalachain mountains

What was the economic policy of the British towards the colonies before the revolution and define it

British Mercantilism which was where British would buy the raw materials from the colonies and sell them finished goods

This was the war between the French and Britist during colonial times

French and Indian war which led to the end of Salutaory neglect, and was started by disputes over the Ohio river valley

what were two characteristics of the southern colonies

agriculture due to the fertile land and good weather, large plantations that housed slaves

what were two characteristics of the northern colonies

rocky soil and abundant forests, commercial fishing

The flat and grassy section of the U.S.

the great plains

What are three early attempts at colonial government

Virginia House of Burgesses, Mayflower compact, Town Hall meetings

What is Salutary Neglect

Period of time when the British ignored the colonies because they only wanted to benefit from the economic prosperity of the colonies

What did Salutary Neglect lead to

independent trade and the development of a representative democracy

This was the first attempt at unifying the colonies under British rule

Albany Plan of Union (1754), many colonies objected as they did not want to give up their power

What was “Common Sense”

Influential in persuading the colonists to support colonial independence from Britian

What was the purpose of the Declaration of Independece

list of reasons of separating from Great Britian

What influences Thomas Jefferson to write the declaration of indpenecednen

Enlightenment, John Lockes inalienable rights

how was John locke’s inableble rights different in the declaration

we believe that if the government does not protectyour rights than we have the right to overthrow the government

name 3 colonial responses to British economic policies

Boston Tea Party, committees of correspondence, first continental congress

Name three ideas or influences during the writing of the declaration of independence that the colonists believed

no taxation without representation, social contract, natural rifhts

name 2 British responded enacted towards the colonies and describe them

Sugar and Molasses act where they placed a tax on foreign Molasses and printed matieral,, quartering act where it required the colonists to feed and house British soldiers

what country assis the colonies during the revolutionary war

France

what becomes the western boundry of the US after the war

the Mississippi river

what was the first document and form of American government after independence from britian

Articles of Confederation

what were Americans distrustful of and way (AOC)

did not want a strong central government because of past tyrannical rulers

name 3 problems of the articles of confederation

most power reminded in the states, congress demented on men and women from states to support the army, federk gov could not enforce laws

name one success of the AOC

gave a system for governing western territories and had a process for admitting states into the union

how was the government organized under the AOC

most power was given to the states rather than the government

what was the constitutional convention and what was it supposed to do

American politicians met in Philly to revise weaknesses in the AOC, wanted to give more power to the government

list the differences between the AOC and the US Constitution

constitution strengthened the need of a powerful federal government, granted congress control over interstate and foreign commerce

what event triggers the gov to realize they need a new form of gov

shays rebellion

define the 3 fifths compromise

determined that 3/5 of the slave population would be counted for representation in the house

what is the great compromise

wanted to settle for equal representation between big and small states (bicameral legislature)

List the differences between the NJ and Virginia plan

New Jersey wanted equl number of representatives while Virginia wanted representatives to be based on population

name 3 responsibilities of the president of the U.S.

a executive staff to propose and support legislation, meet and negotiates with other rulers, highest military offical

what is ratification

make into a law

what is a federalist

group that supported ratification of the constitution, wants a strongnational government

name three branches of government and their responsibilietes

legislative branch proposes and votes on laws, executive branch enforces the laws, Judicial branch determines the constitutionality of the laws

what are checks and balances

each branch checks the other to ensure there is a balance of power

what is the unwritten constitution

practices of the US gov. that are based on custom and tradition but are not written in the constitution

what is judicial review

allows the judiciary to review executive or legislative branches name the court

name the court case and year that established judicial review

marbury vs. Madison, 1803

give two examples of flexibility of the constitution

unwritten constitution and elastic clause

what are the federalist papers

written by the federalists to support the ratification of the constitution

what are the reserved powers in the US constitution

powers only granted to the state gov. by constitution

what are delegated powers

powers only granted to the government by the constitution

what is division of power in the U.S. constitution

the framers of the constitution include the concepts of federalism, checks and balances and separation of powers

how do we elect a president

the president and vice president wins by the electoral vote, not a popular vote

what was the first test of the U.S. constitution regarding taxes

whishky rebellion

what was the result of the first teast of the U.S. constitution regarding taxes

washington used militia to put down rebellion which stressed how they needed the federal government to enforce laws

what did Geroge Washington wrn us in his farewell adress

avoiud alliances with any other nations and avoid European conflicts, stay nutral

what was Thomas jefersons interpretation of the constitution

strict interpretation

what is nationalism

intense pride in ones country

two effects of the Louisiana purchase

secured us control of the Mississippi river and New Orleans, farmers in Ohio river called gained the greatest economic benefit

alexander believed in

loose interpretation of the constitution

what is sectionalism

loyalty to ones own region

who was John Marshall and what did he do

cheif justice of the U.S. expanded power of the federal governemtn therefore creating national unity

who did the US fight in the war of 1812 and what was it about

Britain, over trade in the Atlantic ocean, ended by the treaty of ghent

thomas Jefferson went against his beliefs regarding the U.S. constitution during what and what two powers did he use

lousicana purchase, elastic clause and implied powers

what is the spoils system

elected officials honoring supporters with government jobswh

what political party was formed as a result of andrew jackson’s election

the whig party

what change in voting allowed Andrew Jackson to become president

the end of property requirements to vote

what presidential power did andrew Jackson use during his presidency

presidential powers during his frequent use of veto

what supreme court case told Jackson he couldn’t do?

worcester v. Georgia supreme court ruled in favor of native Americans who were being forcefully removed, in responde Jackson did not enforce ruiling

monroe doctrine

foreign policity intended to limit European influence in the western hemisphere

what enabled Midwest farmers the ability to sell the goods to the east coast

erie canal

manifest destiny

idea that the u.s. should possess the entire continent

what occurred in California 1849 and what problems did it cause

gold rush which led to an increase in westward migration and overpopulation

what was the homestead act of 1862

promoted development of western lands by providing free land to settlers

define popular sovereignty

the idea that settlers had the right to decide whether slavery would be legal in their country or not

what is a abolitionist

people who wanted to make slavery illegal

what supreme court case was a cause of the civil war

dred Scott v. sanford

name the three compromises to settle disputes over slavery in western territoties

missouri compromise, compromise of 1850, Kansas nebraska actwha

what prahse was used to describe clashes between pro-slavery and anti-slavery groups

bleeding kansas

this book showed the horrors of slavery and also contributed to the civil war

uncle tom’s cabin by Harriet Beecher stowe

3 causes of the civil war

disagreement over states rights, breakdown of the compromise of 1820 and 1850, abe winning the election

what was lincolns main goal

to preserve the union

what was the emancipation proclomation

order issued by Lincoln in 1862 that declared slaves free in areas held by confederates

after the emancipation proclamation this because the reason for war

to keep england from invading the south

3 beliefs of Abraham Lincoln,

sectional differences destroy the union, claimed government was a union of people, not of states, justified war stating that his oath of office caused him to preserve the union

what is habeas corpus and what did Lincoln do with it

law that prevents a person from being held in kail without a cause, Lincoln suspended it and jailed anti unionists

name 3 things Lincoln used to expand presidential authority

arrested anti-unionists, increased size of the ,military, censored anti-union newspapers

why didn’t Lincoln free the slaves in all of the United states

because other states were not in rebellion of the union

13 ammendment

law that formally abolished slavery

14 ammendment

gave citizenship to African Americans as it protected them under the bill of rights

15th ammendment

gave African Americans the right to vote

two results of the civil war

power of central government was strengthened over the states, north undergoes rapid economic growth and industrilization

what ended the peroid of reconstruction

noth withdrew their federal troops from the south

how was the north able to win the civil war

better prepared with more resources and finance

four results of the civil war

secession no longer regarded as an option, north experienced rapid economic growth, federal government was stronger, federal government supremecy with the 13-15 ammendments

what was the solid south

nickname given to former Confederate states after reconstruction because they consistently supported the democratic party