CONCEPTS - IB SL Psych

Theory

Explanation for a psychological phenomenon

concept

A hypothetical construct. Must be well defined in order to be tested.

Empirical Evidence

Information obtained through observation and/or experimentation

What is PEAR, and what does it stand for

Pear is what makes a good theory.

P- predicts behavior.

E- explains variables.

A- applicable to many situations.

R- research evidence to support.

What are the Concepts?

Bias, Causality, Change, Measurement, Perspective, Responsibility

(Be Curious, Change Minds, Practice Reflection)

What is Bias?

limitations in thinking

What is Causality?

suggests relationships between x, y, and/or z

What is Change?

Asks to what extent can humans change; how can research be applied to cause change?

What is Measurment?

How data is collected and measured

What is Perspectives?

The ways in which different schools of psychology, study psychology.

What is Responsibility?

The ethics of psychology

What is Reduction-ism?

The belief that human behavior can be explained by breaking it down into smaller parts. Think REDUCE. Can be too specific.

What is positivism?

Argues that all genuine knowledge must be built on strict adherence to empirical evidence. Seeks for a cause and effect based off of an experiment.

What is Holism?

Emphasis on the WHOLE rather than the parts. Can be too general.

What is validity?

Asks if the research is measuring what its supposed to.

What is Internal Validity?

How well was research conducted. The research, design, variables, etc.

What is External Validity?

How able the research can be applied to other situations and other people. The outreach, target audience, etc.

What is Determinism?

argues that all behavior has a cause and is predictable.

• Biological Determinism

• Environmental Determinism

• Strict Determinism

• Soft Determinism

Which of the following defines Biological Determinism?

Which term defines Soft Determinism.

Which of the following is not an example of participant bias.

What is Triangulation?

qualitative research, or using multiple places to find data.

What are the three types of Triangulation?

• Method Triangulation - uses multiple research methods

• Data Triangulation - uses multiple data sources

• Researcher Triangulation - uses multiple researchers

What is not an example of a perspective?

What do psychologists keep in mind to remain responsible and ethical

Consent, Anonymity and Confidentiality, Right to withdraw, Deception, Undue harm or stress, Debriefing (CAR DVD)

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