mythology 3

jason and the argonauts

group adventure; jason involves into anti hero

phrixus and helle background

rescued from mean stepmother Ino by a ram with golden fleece Iposdeidons son); ram sent by hermes to go east

what happens to Helle

she falls off ram into sea and drowns

hellespont

sea of Helle; where she falls

where does phrixus ride the ram

Aea in Colchis

what does phrixus give the king Aeetes of Colchis

the ram

what does king Aeetes do w the ram

sacrifices it and hangs the fleece in tree in the Grove of Ares guarded by a serpent

what constellation does the ram represent

Aries

who does phrixus marry

Chalciope, daughter of King Aeetes

who usurped Iolcus in Thessaly

Pelias (uncle of Jason)

who raises Jason

Chiron

on his way to Iolchus, what does Jason do/lose

crosses a river while carrying an old woman (Hera in disguise) and loses one sandal

Jason meets his uncle, Pelias while

wearing one sandal

what did the orcale, Delphic, say to pelias

beware of man w/ one shoe

king pelia sends jason off to

fetch golden fleece hoping he will die

jason builds what

the ship argo (‘swift’)

argonauts

fifty sailors

dodona

oak trees here sacred to zeus; zeus delived orcular pronouncements through rustling of oak leaves; ship argo was built from this: can speak

some of 50 argonauts/Minyae

orpheus: son of calliope

admetus: husband of alcestis

mopsus: an augur (priest who could divine will of gods w birds)

peleus: fater of achilles

hercules w/ Hylas

Idmon: an agur

castor and polyduces (sons of leda and zeus0

Augeias: son of helios; owner of stable cleaned by hercules

zetes and calais: “boreads” winged sons of the north wind Boreas

on what labor did hercules join

4th labor: tracking the Erymanthian Boar

what did zeus disguise himself as to sleep w leda

swan

constellation named after the swan

cygnus

castor and polydeuces: the

dioscuri; horseman and boxer

constellation after castor and pollux

gemini

book 1 summary

departure from pegasae

election of captain

launch: sacrifice to apollo, banquet, song of orpheus

argo speaks

libation

chiron and baby achilles wave good bye

first leg of voyage

isle of lemnos: women—>Hypsipyle

who was elected captain but turned it down for jason

hercules

First Episode:

Lemnos: women here had slaughtered all men; ruler is now Hypsipyle; sudeced jason and the argonauts except hercules who stays w hylas

quick stop on..

samothrace: home of orphism

second episode:

Propontis: meet King of Doliones, Cyzicus

help fight off race of 6 armed giants

zenia offered—victory led by hercules

argonauts later blown back by wind; unintential battle; death of King Cyzicus;

storm for 12 days until saw halcyon bird

jasons first mistake

violation of xenia: host is killed

halcyon bird

nest floats on waves; able to cause calm weather

halcyon days: past period of idyllic peace remembered nostalgically

Rhea=

magna Matar

Hylas is an

adonis: handsome young man

hylas was

kiddnapped by nymphs; hercules went to get him

Book 2 summary

Amycus: the boxer vs Polyduces

Bosphorus: phineus and harpies, zetes and calais, iris, cyanean rocks, dove, athena

south coast of black sea

Colchis: city of Aea

3rd Episode

polyduces fights Amycus (king of the bebryces) a bully

4th episode

phineus and harpies; phineus recives gift from apollo; abuses it and is blinded and daily harassment by harpies who steal his food.

harpies are driven off by

boreads

who pleads for the harpies

their sister: Iris

prophecy given from Phineus

send dove first through Cyanean rocks

river acheron is entrance to underworld

tribe of amazons

when reach colchis: sail up river phasis to Aea; grove of Ares

Cyanean Rocks

Symplegedes; clashing rocks

who gives shove to help ship through

athena

south coast of black sea

cavern of hades

lycus: son joins argonauts

Idmon gored by boar

Tiphys dies replaced by ancaeus

amazons

chalybes (customs all backwards)

for sons of phrixus

screams of prometheus

colchis

river phasis; city of Aea; plains of ares: grove where golden fleece hangs on oak

book 3 summary

divine council: hera and athena and aphrodite send eros to distract ganymede

human council: argonauts plot strategy

jason visits palace of Aeetes

heras motive for helping jason

1: jason helped her when she was disguesed

2: hera wants medea to marry jason and return to greece and use her magic against Pelias who refuses to worship her

what game to eros and ganymede play

knucklebones

Eros does what

shoot bow at Medea

what does king Aeetes challenge Jason to fight

bronze footed fire breathing bulls

who worships hecate

Medea, a witch

what is The Test

yoke fire breathing bull

plow field of ares

sow dragons teeth

slay earth born warriors

who offers enouragement to jason and who suggests get help from medea

peleus; argus

what augury was seen

dove and hawk

medeas dream

dilemma: loyalty to home and country vs love for foreigner

chalciope comforts medea and helps her plot

Medeas third so illiquid

prayer to artemis

betrayal of family

magic drugs to help jason: ointment derived from ichor of prometheus

madea meets

jason alone in temple

romance

instructions regarding ointment

promise of marriage and return to greece

book 4 summary

medea dominates in book 4

jumble of elements

heras plan

medeas farewell to her sister: Chalciope

warning form moon (hecate)

medea will help steal golden fleece by charming guardian snake

medea puts serpent

asleep

constellation named after the snake

Draco

return voyage

escape w/ fleece and chased by Apsyrtus: medeas brother

return west via River Ister (phineus prothesized a diff way)

pursuing Colchians split into 2 groups

arrival at cronian sea; interception by apsyrtus

jason offers to betray Medea

ambush and murder of Apsyrtus in temple of artemis; cclchians break off pursuit

return voyage pt 2

warning from Talking Dodonian beam of Argo: miasma (ritual pollution) rising from Apsyrtus murder must be cleansed by medeas aunt Circe who lives in italian sea

retreat up river eridanus

down river rhone in France into western sea

series of episodes inspired by odyssey

island of Aea: home of Circe (man beasts, purification, departure)

siblings of medea

aspyrtus and Chalciope

who helps guide the Argo past dangerous volcano at heras request

Thetis

Scylla and Charbydis

strange monster like a mermaid w/ belt of savage wolves at waste; deadly whirlpool

Sirens

temptresses; 2 or 3 or 5 of them

daughters of Achelous and a Muse

maybe located on isle of capir

have woman half bird

sing magical songs to lure sailors to death

what drowns out the sirens songs

orpheus music

return voyage pt 3

wandering rocks

Thrinacia: island where helios keeps sacred cattle

Isle of Phaecians: king alcinous and queen arete; second half of colchian navy arrives and demands medea back; arete convinces alcinous to offer asylum to media if she is married to jason; marriage hastily arranged; golden fleece spread on their bed; orpheus sings hymeneus

king and queen of phaecians

alcinous and arete

Return voyage pt 4

storm blows argo to Libya; trapped in shallow harbor

nymphs offer riddling oracle

horse ermerges from sea

portage across desert

arrival at garden of the hesperides

garden of hesperides

hercules slays serpent Ladon and steals golden apples

who is stung by serpent Ladon and dies

Mopsus

who guides them after serpent

Triton

last phase of return voyage (nostos)

island of cretew

who guards crete

Talos (ankle) bronze giant

who kills talos and how

Medea uses her magic on him so he nicks his ankle on a sharp stone and all his ichor drains out

or jason slits open the ankle with knife

back in greece

jason gives fleece to uncle Pelias

who crowns jason

Nike

squeal by

Ovid

ovid is mainly interested in

love, not adventure; focuses on Medea and Jason

Medeas soliloquy

gives jason magic ointment

jason defeats bulls and earthborn warriors

steal fleece and flee back to Ioicus in Thessaly

sequel

jasons fater aeson is old, so medea agrees to rejuvenate him

uses magic herbs

invocation of hecate

harver of magic herbs

flying chariot

medeas witches cauldron

aesons throat is cut to let out old blood and is placed in boiling cladron of magical ingredients

restored to youth (metamorphosis)

observed by 3 daughters of Pelias

daughters of Pelias

prepare to cut fathers throat and is killed

Jason and Medea flee to

Corinth

what does jason do at Corinth

abandons Medea and two sons in favor of marriage to King Creons daughter

what does Medea do

kills the daughter and her royal father, plus her own sons

in Euripides: Medea jason

blames medeas loose speaking

blames aphrodite

boasts of bringing medea to greece

claims new alliance to royal family is prudent move

blames her female obsession with emotion

even offers medea money to keep quiet

who offers medea asylum in return for what

King Aegeus of Athens; a cure for his childlessness

medea will

pretent to give up anger and to consent to new marriage but she will kill princess and her father and her sons; as wedding gifts offers a poisoned gown and crown

what does medea escape on

dragon drawn flying chariot

medea then

goes to athens and marries aegeus and bears him a child; she tries to poison theseus

jason is an antihero

leadership roles to other argonauts

kills his host

accepts help from a woman

allows her to betray her father and country

uses he to kill uncle pelias

abadons her

how does jason die

ingloriously by a rotten beam from the argo falls on his head

constellation from the argo

argo navis

Thebes in

Boeotia “house of Cadmus”

thebes

dealing with hose of Cadmus;

start w/ king of phoenicia, aegenor

ovid tell aegenors daughter europa was kidnapped by jove who took on form of white bull and swam with her to crete

europa gave brith to Minos

king of phoenicia

aegenor

daughter of aegenor

europa

zeus disguise to get with europa

white bull

son of europa

Minos

constellation after the bull

taurus