Understanding Earth's Seasons and Solar Radiation

These flashcards cover key vocabulary and concepts related to Earth's tilt, solar radiation, and seasonal changes.

Perihelion

The point in Earth's orbit where it is closest to the Sun.

Aphelion

The point in Earth's orbit where it is furthest from the Sun.

Subsolar Point

The geographical point on the Earth's surface where the sun is directly overhead at noon.

Insulation

Incoming solar radiation that arrives at the Earth's surface.

Tropic of Cancer

The latitude 23.5° north of the equator, marking the northernmost position of the subsolar point.

Tropic of Capricorn

The latitude 23.5° south of the equator, marking the southernmost position of the subsolar point.

Equinox

The time of year when day and night are approximately equal in length, occurring when the subsolar point is at the Equator.

Axial Tilt

The angle at which the Earth tilts on its axis, significantly affecting seasonal changes.

Seasonal Variation

The change in climate or weather patterns that occurs during different times of the year, influenced by Earth's tilt and orbit around the Sun.

Circle of Illumination

The division between the illuminated and unilluminated portions of the Earth.

Solar Declination

The latitude at which the sun is directly overhead at noon, changing throughout the year.

Energy Surplus

An area receiving more solar energy than it loses, typically found near the equator.

Energy Deficit

An area losing more solar energy than it receives, typically found near the poles.

Radiation

Energy emitted in the form of electromagnetic waves, including light from the Sun.

Geometric Relationship

The changing positioning of Earth relative to the Sun, influencing solar exposure and seasons.

Figure Eight Pattern

The shape traced by the sun's position at noon over the year at various latitudes, representing the times when the sun is directly overhead.