ION PATTERNS

Relationship between anion endings “ate” and “ite”?

“ate” anions have one more oxygen than the “ite” ion, but the same charge.
Sulfate is SO₄^2-, so sulfite has the same charge but one less oxygen (SO₃^2-)

Adding an H ion to a formula does what?

Positively increases the net charge on the new ion (-2 → -1)

PO₄^3- (Phosphate) → HPO₄^2- (Hydrogen Phosphate) → H₂PO₄^- (dihydrogen phosphate)

Hypo definition and meaning in ions?

The prefix “hypo” means “under” or “too little”
Hypochlorite is “under” chlorite, meaning it has one less oxygen.

“ite” ending?

1 less oxygen than the base atom or the “ate” version.

“ate” ending?

The base or standard form for an atom.

“per-…-ate”

The prefix “hyper” means “above” or “too much”
The prefix “per” is derived from “hyper”
Just entails one extra oxygen from the “ate” version of an atom".
So perchlorate (hyperchlorate) has one more oxygen than chlorate.