Ch.1 Intro to DMS

AIUM stands for

American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine

Which organization establishes the protocols sonographers use for examinations?

The AIUM

SDMS stands for

Society of Diagnostic Medical Sonography

ASE stands for

American Society of Echocardiography

SVU stands for

Society for Vascular Ultrasound

Which organization is the registry for diagnostic medical sonography?

ARDMS

What does JRC-DMS stand for?

Joint Review Committee on Education

JRC-CVT stands for

Joint Review Committee on Education in Cardiovascular Technology

Who invented the sonometer in the 6th century BC?

Pythagoras

An experiment led to the invention of the …

Experiments on the properties of vibrating strings led to the invention of the sonometer.

Leonardo da Vinci discovered..

That the angle of reflection equals the angle of incidence (1452-1519).

Galileo Galilei discovered what?

That the frequency of sound waves determines pitch in (1564-1642)

What did Christian Johann Doppler discover

That the apparent change in frequency and wavelength of a wave as perceived by an observer moving relative to the wave’s source. In (1803-1853).

Who discovered the Piezoelectricity effect

Paul-Jacques Curie and his brother Pierre Curie in 1859-1906.

How was the Piezoelectricity effect discovered

Physical pressure was applied to a crystal, which resulted in the creation of an electric potential.

What does the acronym SONAR stand for?

Sound navigation and ranging

What early scanning system used a B-52 gun turret tank?

Transducer Carriage System

Who developed echocardiographic applications in Sweden in 1954?

Drs. Hellmuth hertz and Inge Edler

What display mode did Hertz and Edler first describe?

First to describe M-mode (time-motion) display

Who built the early obstetric contact compound scanner in 1957?

Tom Brown and Dr. Ian Donald

Who designed the real-time obstetric ultrasound system

Dr. J Stauffer Lehman in the early 1960s

What type of system did Dr. Lehman use to scan obstetric patients?

Water path system

Which university developed the real-time volumetric scanner for cardiac imaging?

Duke University

What scanner produced 3D cardiac images in real time in 1991?

Matrix Array Scanner

What did Duke University produce

A matrix array scanner

What is the piezoelectricity effect

When you squeeze or apply pressure to certain crystals, they produce an electrical charge.

What is the piezoelectricity effect in ultrasound

The effect allows crystals in the transducer to convert electrical energy into sound waves and returning sound waves back into electrical signals.

What is Acoustics

The branch of physics that deals with sound and sound waves.

Acoustics is also the..

Study of generating, propagating, and receiving sound waves.

Ultrasound is defined as sound frequencies greater than what value?

20 kHz

Sonography is the..

visualization of soft-tissue structures

What is the specific term for a sonographic exam of the heart?

Echocardiography

The ability to conceptualize two-dimensional images into a three-dimensional format is a key

Quality

What quality involves keeping up with developments in the field?

Intellectual curiosity

Infrasound

0-25 Hz

Audible

20 Hz - 20 kHz

Diagnostic Ultrasound

1-20 MHz

Sonar

20-100 kHz

What produces the sound pulses in diagnostic sonography?

Piezoelectric crystals

What happens to a ceramic crystal when electronically stimulated?

Deforms and Vibrates and produces the sound pulses used in diagnostic sonography.

A sonographer must successfully complete national boards through the ___

ARDMS