The rise of fascism 1915-22

How many Italian men died in WW1

650,000

What was the national debt in 1914?

16 billion lire

What was the national debt in 1919

85 billion lire

In 1919 how many workers took part in strikes?

over a million

How many members were there in socialist trade unions in 1920?

2 million

In the elections of November 1919 what % of the national vote did the socialists win?

32.4%

When was Fiume seized?

September 1919

How many armed men entered Fiume

2000

Who led the seizure of Fiume

Gabriele D'Annunzio

When did Mussolini arrange Combat group meetings?

November 1919

How many people turned up to this meeting?

100

When did engineering workers occupy the factories

September 1920

How many engineering workers took part in this?

400,000

When did fascist squad violence start?

November 1920

How many seats did the Fascists gain in the May 1921 elections

35

When was the National Fascist Party created?

October 1921

When did Fascist violence increase?

October 1921

When was the failed socialist strike?

July 1922

When did Fascists seize key buildings in northern cities>

October 27th 1922

When did the final Liberal government resign? Why?

October 28th 1922

The King refused to declare martial law with the ‘March on Rome’.

When was Mussolini invited to become prime minister?

October 29th 1922

When was the Treaty of London?

1915

What did the Treaty of London do?

Italy joined sides with Britain and France in WW1

Why did Italy join the Triple Entente?

The Entente promised Italy land such as Trieste, Trentino and Tyrol which the Triple Alliance would not give.

When was the armistice between Austria and Italy signed?

3rd November 1918

How much did the purchasing power of wages fall between 1915-18?

25%

What did the socialists call for in 1919?

A Bolshevik style takeover.

Why did the middle-class feel alienated in 1919?

Liberal government made concessions to workers.

What were the socialists doing in the countryside in 1919?

Occupying uncultivated land and farming it for themselves

Why were the nationalists upset at the ‘mutilated victory’?

Italy had been denied Fiume and it was the liberals’ fault.

When did the Polpolari form?

January 1919

How did Giolitti respond to the occupation of the factories in 1920?

He remained neutral which enraged industrialists.

How did Mussolini try to appeal to the Catholic church in November 1921?

He declared fascism to be opposed to divorce

How did Mussolini deal with the general strike in July 1922?

He declared that if the liberal government did not stop industrial action, the fascists would do it.

The fascists took over the running of public transport, the postal system and beat up striking protestors.