US History EOC Exam

Flashcards for vocabulary review

13th amendment

Abolished slavery

14th amendment:

All persons born in America are citizens.

15th amendment:

African American men can vote

Granger laws

laws created to protect the farmer and limit power of the Railroads

Granger laws

laws created to protect the farmer. Limit power of the RR

Interstate Commerce Act (1887)

Regulate railroad prices.

BIMETALISM

dollar backed by silver and gold

Social Darwinism

survival of fittest applied to $$$

Laissez faire

no government involvement; minimum regulation

Settlement houses

Community centers located in the slums and near tenements that gave aid to the poor, especially immigrants

Political Machine

A party organization that recruits voter loyalty with tangible incentives and is characterized by a high degree of control over member activity

Progressive movement

wave of social and political reforms in the US from the 1890s to the 1920s.

Muckraking journalism:

exposing scandalous and corruptive behavior of companies.

Open Door Policy

Policy states US is free to trade in China

Demobilization:

transition process of a nation at war returning to a state of peace.

Prohibition:

alcohol is illegal

Speakeasy clubs:

spot to consume alcohol during prohibition.

Fundamentalist movement:

attempt to reinforce Christian principles

Red Scare/Communism

Fear of Communism after the Bolshevik revolution.

Speculation

High risk involvement, buying on margin

Neutrality Acts:

series of acts designed to keep Americans out of the conflict.

Lend Lease Act

FDR aids allies despite US not being in WWII

War Production Board:

govt contracts to private industries to produce materials needed for the war.

War bonds:

money loaned to the govt to fund the war.

Containment

stop the spread of communism

Truman Doctrine

US will help countries that could fall to communism like Turkey and Greece.

Persian Gulf War

US gets Iraqi troops out of Kuwait

NAFTA—North American Free Trade Agreement

Designed to increase trade between the US. Mexico & Canada

Jim Crow Laws

poll taxes, grandfather clauses, literacy tests

Sherman Anti-Trust Act (1890)

prohibited any type of restraint to trade

The Grange

created by farmers in 1867 to stand up to railroads

Free Silver

Populist party's proposal of $$

Yellow journalism

sensationalist journalism that helped cause the Spanish-American War

Spanish American War

US annexed Hawaii. Gained control of Cuba, Puerto Rico and Philippines

Platt Amendment

US has right to intervene in Cuba to protect it, and lease naval bases

Fourteen Points

Wilson's plan for peace

League of Nations

established an association of nations to guarantee independence

Speculation

buying risky stocks in hopes of a quick profit

New Deal

FDR's plan to end the depression

Social Security Act

provided old-age pension, unemployment insurance, and aid to the disabled

Lend-Lease Act

gave FDR power to provide any country with supplies if vital to US security

December 7, 1941

Japanese bombed Pearl Harbor

Island Hopping

strategy to seize strategic Japanese held islands in the Pacific

Manhattan Project

US program to develop the atomic bomb

August 6, 1945

Truman orders atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima

Marshall Plan

US program to rebuild Europe

NATO

US & other western European countries form a military alliance

Warsaw Pact

Alliance between Soviet Union and its satellite nations

Bay of Pigs

failed attempt to overthrow Castro in Cuba

Cuban Missile Crisis

Soviets place nuclear weapons in Cuba

Great Society

Johnson's plan to end poverty and racial injustice

Gulf of Tonkin Resolution

congressional act which gave President Johnson the authority to escalate the Vietnam War

Vietnamization

Nixon's plan to remove American troops from Vietnam

Nixon's plan to ease tensions with

Watergate Scandal

political scandal in the United States involving President Nixon

Roe v. Wade (1973)

legalized abortion nationwide

Camp David Accords

peace treaty between Israel and Egypt brokered by President Carter

Reaganomics

supply-side economics policies promoted by President Reagan

Fall of the Berlin Wall (1989)

symbolic end of the Cold War

Persian Gulf War

US gets Iraqi troops out of Kuwait

NAFTA—North American Free Trade Agreement

Designed to increase trade between the US. Mexico & Canada

9/11 Attacks

terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon

War on Terror

initiated by President George W. Bush after 9/11

Affordable Care Act (Obamacare)

healthcare reform law enacted in 2010