Jazz in American Culture Final

Billy Strayhorn

known for collaboration with Duke Ellington, wrote hits like “Take the A Train”, openly gay

Artie Shaw

Clarinetist and Bandleader; mentored by willie the lion smith

John “Scarface” Williams

MGI jazz trumpeter and bandleader

Betty Roche

known for rendition of ellington’s “Take the A Train” using vocalese

Mildred Bailey

“Queen of Swing” and Native American

Ella Fitzgerald

“first lady of song”, revolutionized scat singing

Benny Carter

model for swing era alto saxophonists, chief arranger for henderson’s band

Juan Tizol-Martinez

Puerto-Rican trombonist and composer, wrote “caravan”

Eddie “Lockjaw” Davis

jazz tenor saxophonist

Renee Lee

Lionel “Hamp” Hampton

defined vibraphone as a jazz instrument, played with Benny Goodman

Violet “Vi” Wilson

bassist in ISOR and DOR

Ferde Grofe

orchestrated “rhapsody in Blue” for 1924 Aeolian Hall Concert

Fletcher Henderson

led one of the first commercially successful AA jazz bands

main figure in transition from early jazz to swing

joined benny goodmans band

Sugar Foot Stomp

Fletcher Henderson 1925

4/4 stomp rhythm

Chinatown my Chinatown

Fletcher Henderson 1930

fit foxtrot, product of Tin Pan Alley

Savoy Shout

Louis Russell (and his Burning 8) 1929

original harmony + call/response structure with new melody (reinvented tiger rag)

new orleans feel

Casa Loma Orchestra

played both written music and head arr.

call/response patterns with soli textures

glen gray early manager

White Jazz

Casa Loma Orchestra 1931

Duke Ellington

long form compositions that were more intricate and longer than his predecessors

main figure in early jazz-swing transition

regional styles in his groups

It Don’t Mean a Thing

Duke Ellington 1932

Benny Goodman (orchestra/sextet)

bands that crossed color lines

“king of swing” - did not arrange for big band

Sing, Sing, Sing

Benny Goodman Orchestra 1936

Flying Home

Benny Goodman Sextet 1939

Count Basie

mentored Jon hendricks

pioneer in big band jazz on piano

founded in Kansas city

Count Basie Kansas city 3 techniques

blues chord progressions, blue notes, bluesy riffs

John Kirby

sideman to Benny Goodman

played double bass, tuba, and trombone

part of fletcher henderson orchestra

focused on chamber jazz

Royal garden Blues

John Kirby Sextet 1939

International Sweethearts of Rhythm

all female racially and ethnically mixed swing band

often performed for military events

roz cron

first white woman to perform with ISOR

King Porter Stomp

Teddy Hill 1937

Cherokee

Jay McShann 1942

Swingin’ the Blues

Count Basie 1938

Flying Home 2

Lionel Hampton, Illinois Jacquet