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Columbus arrives in america
in 1492, marking the beginning of European exploration and colonization in the Americas. His voyage opened the way for the widespread exchange of people, animals, plants, and cultures known as the Columbian Exchange.
French and Indian war
a conflict between Britain and France from 1754 to 1763, which was part of the global Seven Years' War.
American revolution
a colonial revolt against British rule from 1775 to 1783. Key events included the Declaration of Independence, battle of lexington and concord, and the Treaty of Paris.
war of 1812
a military conflict between the United States and Britain from 1812 to 1815, primarily over maritime rights and territorial expansion. It resulted in increased nationalism in the U.S. and solidified American independence.
Mexican-American war
a conflict between the United States and Mexico from 1846 to 1848, the U.S. aquired many mexican territories..
American civil war
a conflict from 1861 to 1865 between the Northern states (Union) and Southern states (Confederacy) over issues like slavery and states' rights.
Soanish-American war
a conflict in 1898 between the United States and Spain, primarily over the issues of Cuban independence and American imperialism. It resulted in the U.S. gaining territories such as Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines.
WW1
a global conflict from 1914 to 1918 involving many world powers. It was marked by trench warfare and led to significant political changes and the Treaty of Versailles.
WW2
a global conflict from 1939 to 1945 involving most of the world's nations, marked by significant events such as the Holocaust and the use of atomic bombs.
Korean war
a conflict that lasted from 1950 to 1953 between North Korea, supported by China and the Soviet Union, and South Korea, supported by United Nations forces led by the United States.
Vietnam war
a conflict in Vietnam from 1955 to 1975, involving the communist government of North Vietnam and non-communist South Vietnam, supported by the United States.
Marbury v Madison
a landmark Supreme Court case in 1803 that established the principle of judicial review, allowing the Court to invalidate laws that conflict with the Constitution.
Dred Scott case
a controversial Supreme Court decision in 1857 that ruled that African Americans could not be considered citizens and that Congress had no authority to prohibit slavery in federal territories.
Plessy v Ferguson
a landmark Supreme Court case in 1896 that upheld the constitutionality of racial segregation under the "separate but equal" doctrine.
Brown v Board of education
a landmark Supreme Court case in 1954 that declared state laws establishing separate public schools for black and white students unconstitutional, effectively overturning Plessy v. Ferguson.
Roe v Wade
a landmark Supreme Court case in 1973 that recognized a woman's constitutional right to have an abortion under the right to privacy.
13th amendment
a constitutional amendment ratified in 1865 that abolished slavery and involuntary servitude in the United States.
14th amendment
a constitutional amendment ratified in 1868 that granted citizenship to all persons born or naturalized in the United States and ensured due process and equal protection under the law.
15th amendment
a constitutional amendment ratified in 1870 that granted African American men the right to vote, prohibiting denial based on race, color, or previous condition of servitude.
The enlightenment
an intellectual movement of the 17th and 18th centuries that emphasized reason, individualism, and skepticism of traditional authority, influencing the American Revolution and the founding of the United States.