Italian Renaissance

Renaissance is the French word for

REBIRTH

The Renaissance was a time of CREATIVITY as well as a time of

Political, Economical, Social, and Cultural CHANGE

There was a shift to ______ society based around _____

Urban, Trade

Renewed interest in _____ and _____ culture

Greek, Roman

Focus on the _______ world rather than the spiritual world

Secular

there was an emphasis on _______ achievements rather than community

INDIVIDUAL

People still led _______ lives but it was no longer their life's purpose. People started trying to enjoy their life instead of spending it trying to get into heaven

Religious

The Renaissance created a spirit of ADVENTURE, CURIOSITY, and _________

EXPLORATION

Humanism

An intellectual movement focused on EDUCATION and studying CLASSICAL texts

Humanism stressed the study of HUMANITIES such as:

grammar, rhetoric, poetry, and history (ancient Greece & Rome)

Who is known as the father of Humanism

Petrarch, 14th cent Italian humanist, poet and scholar

Why did the Renaissance begin in Italy?

Italy was center of the Roman Empire, home of the Roman Catholic Church, a center of TRADE, and city-states were wealthy and competed

How did Italy being a center of trade benefit the Renaissance?

It allowed for the development of banking, manufacturing & business networks, facilitated the exchange of ideas, and created the wealth that fueled the early Renaissance

What was Florence?

A wealthy Italian city-state and the birthplace of the Renaissance. It was home to the Medici family

Who was Lorenzo de Medici? (also known as Lorenzo the Magnificent)

Head of richest merchant family in Europe, and important patron of Renaissance artists

One of the most notable aspects of the Italian Renaissance were the achievements in ____ and __________

ART and ARCHITECTURE

Art reflected new humanist ideals by

Portraying religious subjects against Greek & Roman backgrounds, painting more accomplished or well known ppl, and imitating Greek & Roman form in sculpture

Some new techniques to make art more realistic included

• PERSPECTIVE - 3D effect, making distant objects smaller than those close to the viewer, vanishing point
• SHADING (chiaroscuro) - gave objects Depth, broader range of colors reflected light
• HUMAN ANATOMY knowledge - studying human bodies to depict realistic anatomy

Leonardo da Vinci

ideal Renaissance man, excelled in many fields (art, botany, anatomy, architecture, engineering), famous for the Mona Lisa, and The Last Supper

Michelangelo Buonarroti

Italian Renaissance sculptor, engineer, painter, and poet. Famous for David, the Pieta, the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel and the dome of Saint Peters Basilica

Raphael

painter who blended Christian and classical styles, most famous for his painting if Mary & Jesus, and The School of Athens

Educated humanists and historians such as _______& _______ wrote new literature that reflected the values of the era

Baldassare Castiglione & Niccolo Machiavelli

Castiglione

wrote The Book of the Courtier, a handbook for Italian aristocrats that stressed an education and accomplishment in many areas

Machiavelli

wrote "The Prince," a guide for rulers that suggested ruthlessness to maintain political power although the opposed oppression and corruption