Self-Concept and Spiritual Health for Exam 6

Discuss factors that influence body image:

deep psychological origins (anorexia), situational events (loss of or change of a body part), puberty and aging, social media influences, cultural and societal attitudes and values

Discuss factors that influence self-esteem:

intimate partner violence, bullying or negatively towards an individual, substance abuse, comparing themselves to others

Discuss factors that influence role performance:

ways in which individuals perceive their ability to conduct significant roles (parent, supervisor, partner or close friend)

Discuss factors that influence identity:

when people do not maintain a clear, consistent ad continuous consciousness of personal identity this can result is identity confusion

What are the four components of self-concept?

body image, identity, role performance and self esteem

Identity stressors that affect body image:

stroke, colostomy, anorexia, arthritis, incontinence, obesity, amputation, aging, and pregnancy

Identify stressors that affect identity:

loss of job, change in marital status, dependency on others, sexuality concerns, repeated failures and conflict with others

Identify stressors that affect role performance:

inability to balance career and family, physical, emotional, or cognitive deficits preventing role assumption, promotion, or demotion, empty-ness, and assuming responsibility

Identify stressors that affect self esteem:

illness, surgery, accidents, chronic illness, declining, socioeconomic status, decreasing physical function, loss of spouse and friends

Discuss ways in which the nurse’s self-concept and nursing activites can affect the client’s self-concept:

a positive approach provides a model for the patient and family to follow, building a trusting nurse-patient relationship that incorporates both the patient and family in the decision making process enhances self concept and self esteem, using affirmations to describe says or wounds promotes body image, and good rapport

Discuss the relationship of spirituality to an individual’s total being:

self-transcendence, connectedness, faith and hope, inner strength and peace, meaning and purpose

Describe self-transcendence:

a sense of authentically correcting to one’s inner self, it is a positive force that allows people to have new experiences and develop new perspectives that are beyond ordinary physical boundaries

Describe connectedness:

being interpersonally connected within oneself, interpersonally connected with others and the environment, and transpersonally connected with God or an unseen higher power

Describe faith and hope:

allows people to have firm beliefs despite lack of physical evidence and enables people to believe in and establish transpersonal connections, this does not always have to do with religious beliefs

Describe inner strength and peace:

gives people the ability to find a dynamic and creative sense of inner stregth to use when making difficult decisions

Describe meaning and purpose:

helps people find meaning and purpose in both positive and negative life events

Discuss nursing interventions designed to promote spiritual health:

establishing presence, supporting a healing relationship, support systems, diet therapies, supporting rituals, prayer, medication, supporting grief work

What is spiritual distress?

the absence of inner peace and connectedness to loved ones, an inability to accept what is happening or find meaning in life and any hope for the future, can cause people to question their identity, lose faith, and feel lonely or doubt or abandoned

Religious beliefs and treatment:

select a quiet room for prayer and plan a time when interruptions will not occur, work with other members of the healthcare team to respect a patient’s spiritual practices and care, support a patient’s decisions about the plan of care, explore spirituality of patients from different cultures, offer a universal and holistic approach, avoid use of language that alienates or discriminates

What is self-esteem?

an individual’s perception and acceptance of self

What are interventions to promote self-concept:

work with patient’s to help them develop healthy lifestyle behaviors that contribute to a positive self concept (adequate sleep and rest, teach stress reducing practices, proper nutrition, regular exercise)

Assessment of sexual dysfunction:

environmental factors, factors affecting sexuality, sexual health history

Discuss factors affecting sexuality:

consider physical, functional, relationship, lifestyle, developmental, cultural and self esteem factors

What is sexual dysfunction?

many illnesses, injuries, medications, and aging changes have a negative effect on sexual health which results in either temporary or permanent sexual dysfunction

Nursing interventions for sexual dysfunction:

maintain dignity and identity, focus on supporting patient’s needs for intimacy, promote sexual health as a component of overall health and wellness, educate about safe sex, cancer screenings, sexual counseling, anxiety reduction, avoid alcohol, eat well balanced meals, communicate concerns and fears, take pain medications if needed before sexual intercourse, use pillows and alternate positioning to enhance comfort