Socialization

Socialization

Patterns of behavior and attitudes that emerge and develop over one’s lifetime (occurs through human interaction, learn attitudes, values, behaviors

Nature

Behavior through genetics

Nurture

behavior through social interactions (social environment)

Isabelle example

Lived in total seclusion, only contact was deaf mother, mother fled with her at age 6, couldn’t talk only croak and point, acted like wild animal, fear of strangers, tested at level of infant, needed intense training program

Twin studies

Tracked identical twins that were separated at birth to compare nature and nurture theories (both are important)

3 stages of self concept

1) imagine how we represent ourselves, 2) imagine how others perceive us, 3) Develop feelings about ourselves on these impressions

3 stages of self according to Herbert Mead

1) preparatory stage 2) Play stage 3) Game stage

Preparatory stage

Imitation stage, early childhood when kids copy parents

Play stage

Role taking, process of mentally assuming the perspective of another and responding from that image (Playing doctor)

Game stage

understand interactions, consider roles of 2 or more others (hide and seek)

significance of Jean Piaget

Focused on how interactions shape the self, focused on children and how infant have no looking glass self, Developed cognitive theory development

4 stages of cognitive theory development

1) sensorimotor (use of sense to discover) 2) preoperational (use of words and symbols) 3) concrete (logical thinking, clay snake isn’t real), 4) formal (sophisticated abstract through)

Significance of Erving Goffman

Focused on how people convey themselves, Impression management, Dramaturgical approach, Face work

Impression management

coined by Erving Goffman, Idea of altering the presentation of self to create a district appearance to an audience

Dramaturgical approach

coined by Erving Goffman, people are seen as performers (looking busier at work)

Face work

Coined by Erving Goffman, efforts to maintain proper image and avoid public embarrassment

Significance of Albert Bandura

Social learning theory, Bobo doll experiment, conditional learning

Social learning theory

Albert bandura, Focuses on observing and modeling and imitating behaviors, attitudes, and reactions to others (children copy)

Bobo doll experiment

Children observe models (family, TV characters, teachers) interacting with Bobo doll, children would then model those interactions after what they watched

6 agents of socialization

Family (gender roles), school, peer groups, mass media and tech, workplace, religion and government