[19] naming alkanes final

What is the correct ending for a hydrocarbon with only single C–C bonds?

The ending is –ane (indicates an alkane: only C and H, single bonds).

How do you determine the main chain when naming hydrocarbons?

Find the longest continuous carbon chain → this gives the base name.

What is the third step in naming hydrocarbons?

Assign numbers to each carbon in the longest chain.

How is the prefix of a hydrocarbon name determined?

By the number of carbons in the main chain (e.g., 7 carbons = hept- → heptane).

What are side chains (branches) called in hydrocarbon naming?

They are named as alkyl groups (–yl ending). Example: 1 carbon = methyl, 2 carbons = ethyl, 3 carbons = propyl.

How do you name hydrocarbons with multiple branches?

List the branches alphabetically or numerically, then combine with the main chain name.

What is the correct name for 3-methyl-3-methyl-5-methyl-heptane?

3,3,5-trimethyl-heptane.

What is the correct ending for a hydrocarbon with only single C–C bonds?

The ending is –ane (indicates an alkane: only C and H, single bonds).

How do you determine the main chain when naming hydrocarbons?

Find the longest continuous carbon chain → this gives the base name.

What is the third step in naming hydrocarbons?

Assign numbers to each carbon in the longest chain.

How is the prefix of a hydrocarbon name determined?

By the number of carbons in the main chain (e.g., 7 carbons = hept- → heptane).

What are side chains (branches) called in hydrocarbon naming?

They are named as alkyl groups (–yl ending). Example: 1 carbon = methyl, 2 carbons = ethyl, 3 carbons = propyl.

How do you name hydrocarbons with multiple branches?

List the branches alphabetically or numerically, then combine with the main chain name.

What is the correct name for 3-methyl-3-methyl-5-methyl-heptane?

3,3,5-trimethyl-heptane.

What are organic compounds and what other elements can they contain besides carbon?

All carbon containing compounds (except CO, CO₂ and carbonates) are organic compounds, some organic molecules contain other atoms like N, O, S, Cl, F

what does a hydrocarbon contain

contains carbon and hydrogen only

what is an alkane

saturated hydrocarbons, all the carbon bonds (c-c bonds) are single

What is a Homologous Series

Members of a homologous series have similar properties and can be represented by a general formula and differ by CH2

Name the first 4 alkanes

Methane CH4
Ethane C2H6
Propane C3H8
Butane C4H10

what is an example of a homologous series

alkanes

what is the general formula for alkanes

C(n)H(2n+2)