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1206
Rise of Genghis Khan (Mongol Empire goes on to conquer Song China, Abbasid and Russia)
1258
Mongols sack Baghdad (end of Abbasid Caliphate)
1271 - 1295
Marco Polo Travels; visits Yuan dynasty (inspires European exploration)
1300s
– Italian Renaissance (rebirth of Europe)
1324
Mansa Musa’s pilgrimage to Mecca (Ruler of Mali - Muslim)
1325 - 1349
Ibn Battuta’s Travels (travels to West African Kingdoms, Swahili city-states, Mecca –documents experience of Islamic world)
1337-1453
– Hundred Years War (fought between Britain and France, rise of nationalism, use of gunpowder in warfare – knights lose influence, feudalism declines)
1347 - 1348
- Bubonic Plague in Europe (people move from manors to cities – feudalism declines)
Mid 1300s
– Rise of Aztec/Inca Empires (Pre-Columbian Civilizations)
1368
– Ming Dynasty (replaces Yuan)
1405 - 1433
Zheng He’s voyages (Ming Dynasty chance to dominate is over, Western Europe will rise)
1453
Ottomans conquer Constantinople (Byzantine Empire)
1492
Columbus “discovers” Americas (searching for all water-route to Asia)
1498
– Vasco Da Gama reached India (opens up European trade across Indian Ocean)
1502
– Atlantic Slave Trade (highest volume of slaves during 18 th century)
1517
- Martin Luther’s 95 Theses (start of Protestant Reformation)
1521
Cortez conquered the Aztecs
1526
– Founding of Mughal Empire (Babur, Akbar, Aurangzeb)
1533
Pizarro conquered the Incas
1600s
– Beginning of Japanese isolation (Tokugawa Shogunate)
1618 - 1648
30 Years War (religious wars- Protestant Reformation)
1643
– King Louis XIV (France – Absolute Monarchy)
1689
– Peter the Great (Westernization of Russia)
1750s
Industrialization begins in England
1775-1783
– American Revolution (gains independence from Britain)
1789
French Revolution begins (rise of Napoleon)
1804
Haitian Independence (1 st Latin American country that gained independence from Europe, slave uprising)
Early 1800s
– Latin American Wars for independence (most countries gain independence by 1825)
1839 - 1860s
Opium Wars in China (Britain forces China to open up trade to foreigners)
1848
Communist Manifesto (the rise of Karl Marx… socialism/communism)
1853
– American Commodore Matthew Perry pressures Japan to open up to the West
1853-1856
– Crimean War (Ottomans defeat Russia with help of Britain/France; Russia will abolish serfdom/industrialize)
1861
– Russia abolishes serfs (lives of peasants won’t improve)
1857
Sepoy Mutiny in India (British government colonized India)
1868
– Meiji Restoration (Japan will industrialize, westernize – begin colonizing surrounding lands)
1884-1885
– Berlin Conference (Scramble for Africa – European leaders divide up Africa)
1885
– Founding of the Indian National Congress (political party that will support Indian independence)
1905
Russo-Japanese War (triggers 1905 Russian Revolution)
1910
– Japan annex Korea
1910 - 1920
Mexican Revolution (Porfirio Diaz removed from power)
1911
Chinese Revolution (Qing dynasty falls, Nationalists control Chinese government)
1914 - 1918
- World War I
1917
Russian Revolution (Lenin rises to power – Russia becomes communist and gets out of WWI)
1929
Start of Great Depression (caused by overproduction, weakening demand, stock market crash, bank failures and high unemployment rates)
1931
Japanese invasion of Manchuria
1937
– Japanese invade China (Nationalist and communist in China join forces to fight Japanese)
1939
German invasion of Poland (start of WWII)
1945
End of WWII
1947
– India gained independence from Britain (Partition of India… India – Hindus; Pakistan – Muslims)
1947-1991
– Cold War (United States – democracy vs Soviet Union – communism)
1948
Creation of state of Israel (orchestrated by the United Nations
1949
Mao Zedong comes to power in China (China becomes communism after a civil war with Nationalist)
1950 - 1953
Korean War
1959
Cuban Revolution (rise of Fidel Castro)
1962
Cuban Missile Crisis (caused by Bay of Pigs – failed attempt by USA to remove Castro)
1967
Chinese Cultural Revolution (Mao tries to revive communism in China)
1979
Iranian Revolution (rise of Ayatollah Khomeini – Iran becomes Islamic state)
1984
– Meiners is born
1989
Fall of Berlin Wall (West and East Germany reunited
1991
Fall of USSR
2001
9/11 Terror Attacks on US