CHM 256
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60 Terms
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parent ion
the m/z signal that matches the mass of the analyte compound
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base peak
tallest peak in the spectrum
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electron ionization (ei)
bombardment of the analyte with an electron beam to create radical cations to be seen by the detector
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15 amu
CH3 radical
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unbranched alkane fragmentation
can form a series of cations differing by 14 amu (CH2)
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branched alkane fragmentation
occurs to give secondary and tertiary cations
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cycloalkane fragmentation
loss of side chains and loss of ethylene from ring
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alkene fragmentation
\-strong molecular ion peak
\-occurs to form allylic cations
\-occurs to form allylic cations
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alkyne fragmentation
\-strong molecular ion peak
\-occurs to form propargyl cation
\-occurs to form propargyl cation
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alcohol fragmentation
\-molecular ion peak is weak
\-most common loss is H2O
\-most common loss is H2O
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what is the principle that allows us to use mass spectrometry to determine molecular weight of a compound?
a beam of higher molecular weight cations is deflected less by a magnetic field
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what set of molecular ions does dibromoalkane possess?
three molecular ions in a 1:2:1 ratio, separated by 2 mass units
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alkane IR C-H stretch range
3000-2850 cm-1
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alkene C-H Sp2 stretch range
3100-3000 cm-1
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alkene C-H Sp3 stretch range
2960-2850 cm-1
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aromatic C-H stretch range
3150-3050 cm-1
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alkyne C-H Sp stretch range
\~3300 cm-1
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alkyne C☰C stretch range
2250-2100 cm-1
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C☰N stretch range
2260-2240 cm-1
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alcohol O-H stretch range
3500-3200 cm-1
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carboxylic acid O-H stretch range
3400-2400 cm-1
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aldehyde C=O stretch range
1740-1720 cm-1
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ketone stretch range
1725-1705 cm-1
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aldehyde C-H stretch range
\~2700 cm-1
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carboxylic acid C-O stretch
1300-1000 cm-1
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toluene
benzene ring with methyl group
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phenol
benzene ring with alcohol group
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aniline
benzene ring with NH2 group
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benzaldehyde
benzene ring with an aldehyde group
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benzoic acid
benzene ring with carboxylic acid
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anisole
benzene ring with OCH3
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1,2- attachment on benzene
O- / Ortho-
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1,3- attachment on benzene
M- / Meta-
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1,4- attachment on benzene
P- / Para-
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provides a way to weigh molecules
mass spectrometry
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chlorine distribution ratio
3:1
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bromine distribution ratio
1:1
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mass spectrometry can only detect ____
cations
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CH3 fragment mass
15
40
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OH fragment mass
17
41
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H2O fragment mass
18
42
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C2H4 fragment mass
28
43
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CO fragment mass
28
44
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C2H5 fragment mass
29
45
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CHO fragment mass
29
46
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CH2OH fragment mass
31
47
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OCH3 fragment mass
31
48
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Cl fragment mass
35
49
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C3H3 fragment mass
39
50
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C3H5 fragment mass
41
51
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C3H7 fragment mass
43
52
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CH3CO fragment mass
43
53
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CH3CHO fragment mass
44
54
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CO2 fragment mass
44
55
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CH3CHOH
45
56
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CH2CH2OH fragment mass
45
57
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CO2H fragment mass
45
58
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C4H9 fragment mass
57
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C2H5CO fragment mass
57
60
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xylene
benzene with 1,4 methyl groups
Note 
Flashcards (31)