Leadership, Power, and Culture in Organizations

Flashcards covering key concepts related to leadership, power, culture, and change management in organizations.

Leadership

A process of providing general direction from a position of influence to individuals or groups toward the successful attainment of goals.

Informal Leadership

A leader who does not receive a title but is perceived as a leader by others.

Formal Leadership

A leader who is officially designated by the organization, such as when the board of directors appoints a CEO.

Manager

Someone who sets short-term goals and expectations, trains and develops, promotes stability, and ensures operations run smoothly.

Leader

A visionary individual who sets long-term goals, inspires followers, focuses on the big picture, and acts as a role model.

Directive Leaders

Leaders who implement guidelines, provide expectations, set performance standards, and ensure rules are followed.

Transactional Leaders

Leaders who set goals for followers and motivate them with rewards.

Visionary Leaders

Leaders who create a vision to motivate followers and use charisma to gain support.

Empowering Leaders

Leaders who develop followers’ skills and encourage them to take ownership of their work.

Trait Leadership Perspective

A viewpoint that suggests effective leaders possess certain traits or characteristics; it argues that leaders are born, not made.

Behavioral Leadership Perspective

A viewpoint that attempts to identify what good leaders do, focusing on their exhibited behaviors.

Hersey & Blanchard’s Situational Leadership Model

A model stating that leaders should adapt their leadership style based on the maturity levels of their followers.

Leader-Member Exchange

A theory that explores how leaders develop varying relationships with different followers, affecting group dynamics.

Transformational Leadership

Leadership that focuses on inspiring and motivating followers through idealized influence, inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation, and individualized consideration.

Organizational Power

The capacity to influence the actions of others within an organization, can be categorized into legitimate, reward, and coercive power.

Tactics of Influencing Others

Strategies used to impact others' behavior, including rational appeals, inspirational appeals, and coalition building.

Organizational Politics

Behaviors not formally sanctioned by the organization that seek to maximize self-interest, often at the expense of the organization.

Cultural Shock

A feeling of nervousness, doubt, and confusion arising from being in a foreign and unfamiliar environment.

DADA Syndrome

A common reaction to unwanted change characterized by denial, anger, depression, and acceptance.

Lewin’s Basic Change Model

A three-step model of change management consisting of unfreezing, changing, and refreezing.

Decentralization

A structural approach where employees are empowered to make decisions without needing senior management approval.

Bureaucracy

A formalized organizational structure characterized by rigid rules, regulations, and a clear chain of command.

Matrix Structure

A hybrid organizational structure that combines aspects of both functional and divisional departmentalization.