Socialization and Self-Development Lecture Flashcards

This set of flashcards covers key vocabulary terms related to socialization, types of societies, social institutions, agents of socialization, and theories of self-development from the lecture.

Society

A group of individuals sharing a common culture, geographical location, and government.

Socialization

An process of shaping an individual’s behavior, belief system, and mindset to be in accordance with a group of society’s values, traditions, and beliefs through continuous interaction with other.

Enculturation

Refers to the process by which an individual learns or acquires the important aspect of his or her society's culture.

5 Major types of Societies

Hunting and Gathering, Horticultural and Pastoral, Industrial Societies, Post-Industrial Societies, and Agricultural.

Talcott Parsons

An American sociologist who demonstrated the role of socialization in his attempt to develop a unified theory of society.

Economic Institutions

Help society survive in its environment through economic production.

Political Institutions

Facilitate the balance of power, programs, and policies that responds to the needs and demands of the people.

Legal Institutions

Aid in the reinforcement of rules and norms on how people should behave in society.

Cultural practices and Institutions

Ensures that traditions, values, and belief systems are passed on to the next generation.

Agents of Socialization

Includes Family, Peer groups, School, Religion, Government/Historical Events, and Mass Media and Social Media.

Freud’s Theory of Personality Development

Sigmund Freud's belief that an individual’s actions and development are driven by motivations that are primarily unconscious or repressed and developed in early stages of childhood.

Id

The primal, biological, and instinctive impulses or desires which eventually become repressed.

Superego

The part of an individual that wants to comply with social norms in order to be liked and respected by other members of society.

Ego

The decision-making aspect of the human mind that seeks to strike a compromise between the demands of the Id without violating the principles and values brought about by the Superego.

“Me” (Mead’s Theory)

Represents the internalization of how other people sees us and embodies our self-consciousness.

“I” (Mead’s Theory)

Represent our instinct selves.

Cooley’s Looking Glass Self

The theory that an individual discovers and develops himself or herself by being aware and adapting to the perception of others accordingly.

Preparatory Stage (0-2 years)

At this stage, children imitate others without understanding and try to internalize meaning from their immediate environment.

Play Stage (2-6 years)

At this stage, the child begins to understand certain interactions, learns to communicate, and participates in role-playing.

Game Stage (7+ years)

At this stage, individuals participate in more organized and rule-based games, understand multiple roles in society, and have a holistic view of themselves.