Animal Nutrition Unit 3 BIO

What are the 7 nutrients of a balanced diet?

Carbohydrates, Proteins, Lipids, Vitamins, minerals, Fiber, and Water.

Fill in the blank: Carbohydrates are found in and provide .

bread, rice, pasta; energy

What are the major sources of protein in the diet?

Animal products, fish, tofu, beans.

What chemical elements are found in carbohydrates?

Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), and Oxygen (O).

Fill in the blank: Lipids are made up of glycerol and and provide energy.

fatty acids

What is the difference between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids?

Saturated fats have no double bonds between carbon atoms and are solid at room temperature, while unsaturated fats have at least one double bond and are usually liquid.

What are the functions of proteins in living organisms?

Support, catalysts (enzymes), transportation, and coordination (hormones).

Define deficiency in the context of nutrition.

Lacking or having a shortage of a particular nutrient.

What is the role of glucose in living organisms?

It serves as a primary energy source for cells.

Fill in the blank: A is a single sugar molecule, while a is composed of two sugar molecules.

monosaccharide; disaccharide

Name one symptom associated with iron deficiency or anemia.

Fatigue or pale skin.

What is the primary structure of fats (lipids)?

Triglycerides, composed of three fatty acids and one glycerol molecule.

What are the major sources of Vitamin C?

Citrus fruits (like lemon, orange, lime) and broccoli.

What are the causes and symptoms of constipation?

Lack of fiber in the diet; difficulty passing stools, hard or dry stools, bloating, and pain.

At what life stages do dietary requirements change?

During growth, aging, pregnancy, breastfeeding, and varying activity levels.

Fill in the blank: Water is essential for and makes up of our cells.

hydration; our cells

Give an example of a polysaccharide and its function.

Starch; stores energy in plants.

How do amino acids relate to proteins?

Amino acids bond together to form proteins, known as polypeptides.

What is a Joule?

A unit of energy; 1 kg is equal to 1000 Joules.

List some major functions of dietary fiber.

Prevents constipation and aids in digestion.

What is the relationship between dietary requirements and physical activity?

Increased physical activity requires more energy intake to support metabolism and recovery.