KIDNEYS

What is the main function of the kidneys?

To filter waste products from the blood and produce urine.

What are the three major regions of the kidney?

Renal cortex, renal medulla, and renal pelvis.

Describe the role of the glomerulus.

It filters blood, allowing small molecules like water, salts, glucose, and urea to pass through.

What are the two main processes in urine formation?

Ultrafiltration and selective reabsorption.

Describe what happens during ultrafiltration.

Blood pressure forces water and small solutes into the Bowman's capsule, forming filtrate.

What substances are reabsorbed back into the blood during selective reabsorption?

Glucose, amino acids, water, and ions.

What is the role of the loop of Henle?

It helps in the concentration of urine by creating a concentration gradient in the medulla.

Which hormone regulates water reabsorption in the collecting duct?

Antidiuretic hormone (

Name the structural and functional unit of the kidney.

Nephron

What is the role of the Bowman's capsule?

It collects the filtrate from the glomerulus.

What are the two main processes in urine formation?

Ultrafiltration and selective reabsorption.

Antidi

Fill in the blanks: Kidney Regions and Filtration

The three major regions of the kidney are the __, __, and __. The __ filters blood, allowing small molecules to pass through, while the __ collects the filtrate.

Long Question: Urine Formation

Describe the process of urine formation, including ultrafiltration and selective reabsorption. What role does each play in filtering blood and refining filtrate?

Long Question: Loop of Henle and Urine

Explain the function of the loop of Henle and the collecting duct in the process of urine concentration. How does the loop of Henle contribute to creating a concentration gradient in the medulla?

Fill in the blanks: Kidneys and Nephrons

The main function of the kidneys is to **** waste products from the blood and produce **. The structural and functional unit of the kidney is the __.