Ap Psych

Psychopathology

Psychopathology

The study of mental disorders + their corresponding behavior

Behavioral model

Operant + classical conditioning

Cognitive

Irrational + illogical thoughts

Humanistic model

Self esteem, and poor self concept

Psychodyanmic model

Unconcious repression

Biopsychosocial model

The 3 venn diagram of the biological, social and psychological factors

Medical model

The psychological disorder being a result of biological factors

Diathesis - stress model

The idea that the inherited risk to get the disorder + the envrioment factors equals the creation of a disorder

DSM -V

A Manuel for mental disorders ( continously being edited and changed

Etiology

The cause of the psychological disorder

Prevalence

The # of people in a set population and time that has a disorder

Onset

The beginning of something, typically un pleasant

Phobias

The irrational fear or anxiety that is induced by specific object or situation

Ex : agoraphobia ( fear of crowded places) or social anxiety disorders ( fear of social situations)

Preparedness

The idea that people are afraid of things they believe to he life threatening

Generalized anxiety disorder

The period of fear and anxiety for more than a 6 month period

Post dramatic disorders ( PTSD )

The anxiety and fear that is a result of an experience of traumatic events

OCD

Obsessive thoughts that create fear and anxiety that have compulsions that try to reduce the anxiety

Somatic symptoms disorder

The act of believe small but real symptoms to be life treating one's

Illness anxiety disorder

The act of believe you are sick with a lot of anxiety eith no symptoms

Conversion disorder

The significant loss of a phsyicla function despite no anatomical reasons why

Factitious disorder

The act of falsely reporting illnesses to gain attention. Can be done by urself or onto someone else

Dissociative amnesian

The lack of being able to remember the past

Dissociative fugue

The loss of one's memory of their entire life, rapid recovery usually lasts hours 2 days

Dissociative identity disorder ( multiple personalities)

The act of having multiple personalities at least 2 that interchange often suddenly and lack the ability for the personalities to be aware of others.

Symptoms of schizophrenia

Pos ( present symptoms) : hallucinations, delusions, lack of organized symptoms, and abnormal ohsycial behavior

Neg ( reduce behaviors ) : emotions, flat affects, motivation, avoliation

• A result of genetics and envriomental factors + excessive dopamine

Major depressive disorder

The act of having a low attudie in alterness, enegery appetites etc, for more than 2 weeks

Persistent depressive disorder ( dysthymia disorder )

The act of feeling of low for more than 2 years, a persistent low

Bipolar disorder

The act of having impulsive and intrusive thoughts with manic episodes ( mood swings + hyperactivity)

Autism

Severe vs hyper functioning → a impaired social and behavioral interactions

Attention deficit hyper activity ( adhd)

The act of impulsive persistent inattentive behavior

Narcisstic personality dis

High self image, lack of empathy, fantasizes of success

Borderline personality dis

Fear of abatement + dependency issues, loss with reality + self destructive

Anti social personality

Sociopath, manipulative lack of regard for others , still charming

Dependent personality dis

The drive to meet a personsons need

Histrionic personality disorder

Excessive attention whore

Avoidant personality disorder

The act of being defensive at all times

Psychoanalysis therapy

Dream analysis ( the latent content from manifested content)

Transference ( the act of treating the therapist like someone else then project the idea that it would happen to others)

Humanistic therapy

GESTALT THEROY( empty chair u say smth then u sit in the chair then repeat ) - force to becoming self aware

Person centered( rogerian) - acting as a mirror, but making questions allowing the person to be self centered.

Cognitive therapy

Rational emotivtive therapy ( albeit Ellis) the idea that the belief is negative which creates the emotive response, so changing the negative beliefs will fix)

Cognitive distortions ( Aaron beck ) that the thinking of the world, Nurture and self negative creates the negative behavirl( half empty thinking) changing that to half full)

Behavior therapy

Systematic desensitization - exposure to the negative stimulus over a structural and gradual experience

Token economy- rewarding the desirable behavior

Aversion therapy - associating the negative stimulus to a behavior ( ex : nail bitting paint)

Mood stabilizes

For bipolar , reduces dopamine + increases GABA, lithium ( reduce manic episodes)

Anti anxiety

Xanax, ativen, depresses the central nervous system, decreases GABA anxiety, anxiety

Anti depressants

For depression Prozac and zoltt, improve mood by booking re-take, serotonin and norepinephrine

Stimulants

Add, depression, Ritalin Adderall, induce excitement+ increases dopamine norepinephrine

Anti psycholtics

Bipolar + schizophrenia ( thorizine and haldol) reduce psychotic episodes, hallucination. Dopamine