Head, Neck, and Trunk/Abdominal/Pelvic Block 2

Frontal bone

forehead

parietal bone

Name this bone.

coronal suture

the suture between the parietal and frontal bones of the skull

sagittal suture

between parietal bones

lamboid suture

the suture between the occipital and parietal bones

occipital bone

back of head

temporal bone

Name this bone.

ethmoid bone

Name this bone.

sphenoid bone

Name this bone.

maxillae bone

upper jaw

palatine bone

Name this bone.

Zygomatic bone

cheek bone

lacrimal bone

Name this bone.

vomer bone

Flat, thin bone that forms part of the nasal septum

inferior nasal conchae

Name this bone.

Mandible

lower jaw

frontal sinus

cavity within the frontal bone

foramen magnum

A large opening at the base of the skull through which the brain connects to the spinal cord.

occipital condyles

articulate with the atlas

external occipital protuberance

bump on back of head

mandibular fossa

the depression in the temporal bone into which the condyle of the mandible fits

external acoustic meatus

ear canal

mastoid process

round projection on the temporal bone behind the ear

styloid process

pole-like process extending downward from the temporal bone on each side of the skull

internal acoustic meatus

Name this opening.

jugular foramen

Name this foramen.

carotid canal

internal carotid artery

cribiform plate

Name this structure

perpendicular plate

Name this bony landmark.

hyoid bone

a U-shaped bone in the neck that supports the tongue.

Centrum (body)

body of vertebrae

vertebral foramen

Name this opening.

transverse process

Name this specific part of the atlas (C1).

spinous process

sharp, slender projection

cervical vertebrae

neck (7)

thoracic vertebrae

throax, articulates with ribs (12)

lumbar vertebrae

lower back (5)

transverse foramen

only found in the cervical vertebrae and allow passage of the vertabral artery, vein, and nerve

Atlas

first cervical vertebra

axis

second cervical vertebra

dens (odontoid process)

acts as pivot for rotation of atlas and the skull

costal facets

articulates with ribs

Sacrum

articulates with hip bones

coccyx

tailbone

Ribs

12 pairs, articulates with thoracic vertebrae and sternum

head of rib

articulates with vertebrae

shaft of rib

the body of the rib

Sternum

breastbone

Manibrium

top of sternum

xiphoid process

lower portion of the sternum

ilium

iliac crest

iliac crest

upper margin of iliac bones

anterior superior iliac spine

Name this specific part of the pelvic bone.

greater sciatic notch

Name this specific part of the pelvic bone.

ischium

Name this specific region of the pelvic bone.

Acetabulum

hip socket

ischial tuberosity

Name this specific part of the ischium.

obturator foramen

opening in hip bone formed by the pubic and ischial rami

pubis

pubic

Epicranius

composed of the occipitofrontalis muscle and an epicranial aponeurosis

Frontal belly of occipitofrontalis

elevates eyebrows and wrinkles skin of the forehead

occipital belly of occipitofrontalis

retracts scalp slightly

epicranial aponeurosis

A broad flat tendon connecting the frontal belly and the occipital belly

orbicularis oculi

closes the eyes (wink, blink, squint) ('crows' feet)

orbicularis oris

closes and purses lips (pucker up for a kiss)

zygomaticus major

elevates corner of mouth (smile)

depressor anguli oris

depresses corner of mouth (frown)

Buccinator

pulls cheeks against teeth when chewing

Platysma

tenses skin of neck, and depresses lower lip (pulls down)

Bell Palsy

paresis, or paralysis, of one side of the face

Mastication

the process of chewing

Bones of importance of mastification include

mandible, temporal bone, sphenoid bone (pterygoid processes)

Masseter

elevates and protracts mandible

masseter attachments

zygomatic arch, mandible

Temporalis

elevates and retracts mandible

temporalis attachments

bones of the skull to mandible

medial pterygoid

elevates and protracts mandible and moves it from side to side

medial pterygoid attachments

pterygoid process

sella turcica

houses the pituitary gland

optic canals

Name this structure

pterygoid process

Process of the sphenoid bone, consisting of two plates

sphenoid sinus

sinus above and behind the nose

lateral pterygoid

protracts mandible; moves mandible side to side

lateral pterygoid attachments

pterygoid process

genioglossus

protracts tongue

Styloglossus

elevates and retracts tongue

styloglossus attachments

styloid process

Hyoglossus

depresses and retracts tongue

hyoglossus attachments

hyoid bones

suprahyoid muscles

elevate the hyoid, raises floor of mouth for swallowing

infrahyoid muscles

depress the hyoid, swallowing and speaking

Sternocleidomastoid

each rotates head to one side, together: flex the head/neck

Sternocleidomastoid attachments

Mastoid process, clavicle, sternum

splenius capitis

each rotates head to one side, together: extend the head/neck

Quadratus Lumborum

together: extend lumbar vertebral column, unilaterally: each laterally flexes vertebral column

quadratus lumborum attachments

iliac crest to lumbar vertebrae and 12th rib

erector spinae

extends vertebral column, maintian erect posture

Iliocostalis

Lateral muscle of the erector spinae

Longissimus

intermediate muscle of the erector spinae

Spinalis

Medial muscle of the erector spinae